[Published on 3/9/23 by Digital Imaging Lab (1142)] It is the responsibility of the researcher to obtain any copyright clearances. Permission to publish material from this/these transcript(s) must be obtained from the Supervisor of Reference Services and/or the L. Tom Perry Special Collection Coordinating Committee. [Notes added by transcribers are in square brackets. Dashes in square brackets indicate unclear words or letters. indicate words the author inserted to a previously written line.] MSS 57 Box 1a - Walter Mason Camp Papers Number of Pages: 255 ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p001.jpg) St. Joseph's Home, St. Cloud, Minn. July 3, 1911. Mr. Wm. Camp, 7740 Unison Ave. Chicago, Ill. Your letter was received but defered, answering it, as I am unable to write. In reply to your question, regarding the manner of Indian hunting the Indian buffalo in the early days before they had guns and horses. Buffaloes were so plentyful and the whole country was covered with them. The Indians had to go but a short distance to find them. In making their surrounds, they selected deep and narrow ravines for their pen. At the narrowest point, they built an impregnable burrier trees, stones brush and durt to prevent egress of the buffalo. If the sides of the valley were not steep, they were cut down four and five feet in height. At the head of the ravine ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p002.jpg) where they drove the buffalo into the valley, they cut down the bench for several feet. In this cut embankment, they dug out several places where they could take refuge from the buffalo as they went over the bluff into the pen. On the level prairie, they built mounds on each side, extending several hundred yards long and when driving the buffalo into this pen, behind each one of these mounds was stationed an Indian man or woman. The mounds were generally covered with buffalo robes. These were intended to keep the buffalo on the trail. The Indians would locate the herd of buffalo, nighest to the opening of the pen. The principle medicine men and the swiftest runners of the tribe would go out and get in front of the buffalo and commence performing all sorts entics, dancing, jumping, rolling over to attrack the attention of the buffalo, and working their way from the buffalo to the mouth of the pen. The main body of Indians would get in their rear of buffaloes ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p003.jpg) and frighten them in direction of the medicine men in front. The buffalo became stamp- ed and would follow their leader, and when they came to the mounds, the Indians would rise from behind them and would frighten the buffalo and continue driving them into the pen. When the Indians found that they had enough buffaloes in the pen, they would turn the balance away. Then they would begin killing & slaughter- ing with bows, arrows and lances. They would then make an opening and let the balance of buffaloes out. They have driven as many as a thousand buffaloes in one drive. If their camp was some distance from this pen, they would move up in close proxinity, so they would not have so far to carry the meat and hides of the slain animals. They would generally make three or four surrounds during the winter and gather a suppy of the meates and dry it for summer use. I trust that this will prove explicit enough, that you may be able to understand ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p004.jpg) -4- The modes of operanda of the manner of hunting the buffalo in the primitive days of the the Indians As to myself, I am not improing any at all. Hoping this will be satisfactory, I am truly yours, F. F. Gerard. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p005.jpg) 5-1142 DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES INDIAN SERVICE Lapwai, Idaho, July 3, 1911. W. M. Camp, 7740 Union Avenue, Chicago, Ill. Sir: In reply to your letter of the 26th ult. I have to advise you that the Nez Perce Indians inform me that White Bird was killed in Canada about February 11, 1893. Another Indian known as Robert Moses was tried and convicted for the murder of White Bird. He died at Deer Lodge, Montana, I am under the impression while in the Deer Lodge penitentiary. A son of Robert Moses is living on this reservation and should be fully advised as to the death of White Bird, but I have not yet been able to see him. His name is John Moses and he lives in Spalding, Idaho. Very respectfully, Theodore Shap TS-LMP Superintendent & S. D. A. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p006.jpg) Columbus Mont July 6th 1911 W. M. Camp Author History 7th U S Cav Chicago Ills Dear Sir replying to your inquiries June 8th 1911 in refference to telegraph lines from Ft Ellis and Muggins Taylor the Scout and dispatch bearer from Gen Terrys command relating to the Custer Masacres—Will answer them in the order of inquiries to the best of my recollection 1st the Telegraph line from Ft Ellis[-] was knocked out of order by what they called here a cloudburst or waterspout which is a combination of wind and rain and while ususally of short duration is a fierce while it last—I think the repair detail was mostly from Capt Benhams Co 7th U. S. Infantry he was in command at Ellis in the absence of Maj Brisbine with the Battalion of 2d Cav quarterd there Muggins Taylor after landing from the Far West made a night ride up stopping and grazing his horse twice or 3 times am not sure which enroute—he only had one horse from Mouth of Big Horn here and went on same next morning for gages ranch ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p007.jpg) 2 on Duck Creek about 4 miles East of where Hunters Hot Springs where he expected to get a fresh U S horse where a relay was stationed but whether he got it I have forgotten, if the horses were there of course he changed, for he had an order so he told me take any U. S. horse stationed on the route and there was a relay of carriers stationed from our place to Ellis—as follows Stillwater Gages Ranch near Duck Creek 52 miles Gages to Bensons landi ng or "Harry" 26 Miles Bensons to Ellis 27 miles this is what we used call Cayuse measure of distances and considering the dearth of trails and rugged hills paralleling the river, we were not so very far off on distance over modern methods of measurement—No Horace Countryman did not go with Taylor to Ellis or Bozeman We always drove from here to Bozeman in 2 days— loaded teams in 3 days The Crow Agency is about 20 Miles West of South from here near where the East and West Rosebuds come together about 5 Miles above where they empty into the Stillwater River, "near which ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p008.jpg) is the Charming little Village of Absarokee yes my letter was sent from a point 3 miles above this place on the Yellowstone which was 2 miles above where the Stillwater empties into the Yellowstone Countrymans Ranch as above stated was about 2 miles up the Yellowstone from the Mouth of Stillwater Creek by govt Survey but near 2½ by way road runs Taylor stuck to the River all the way from Mouth of Big Horn to Bensons Ferry or landing 7 miles from where the first Agency was established for the Crow Indians by Gen Sully of the U. S. Army who was Acting Sup't of Ind Affairs for Ter of Mont Captain Camp was their first Agent O first met Taylor in Helena in 1873 he owned 2 or 3 race horses as I remember [-] met him next in 1875 on the Yellowstone where he was hunting & T[-]afing or wolfing as I remember him he was a square Built well set up man apparently capable of great endurance 5" or [-] high would weigh 160 to 65" and of a very genial nature temperate habits and good conversationalist ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p009.jpg) What was known as the Countryman Ranch I located in 1875 Horace Countryman his son (both dead) and I were in partnership intending to go into stock raising but the continuous raids of Sioux war parties made that look like an very unpromising business—So we started store & traded with hunters Trappers and Indians and was the real outpost for several years As to a Picture of Muggins I do not know of any as there were no photographers nearer than Bozeman to the time of his death in my opinion Bozeman or Helena would be most likely places to find one This I believe covers all your Queries and a surfeit to spare not applicable to your work Wishing you an abundant success in your task I am truly yours W. H. Norton ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p010.jpg) Piqua O. July 10th 1911 Mr W M Camp Dear Friend Sir yours of the 8th Ints recieved an always welcome and I am glad to tell you that I am healing up fast and will be alrigh soon I am glad to know that you will again take a trip west to get away from Hot Chicago it would be the height of my ambistion to go with you, and again see the bear paw Country you will have to go a round about way to get there except you go by the grate Northern or go overland from Northern Pacific I cannot explain Miles Trail very well to you, but surely you have got it from some one. last Night before I went to sleep. I though I would scratch out the last battle place of the Mz. Perine, and there capture by Gen. Miles excuse rough map for it is as I picture it from recollection. I have forgoten the ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p011.jpg) name of the Crick on witch the battle was fought at Bear Paw, but I will call it Snake Crick, for a name. on your return you will please write to me and tell me how you found our little fighting ground up in the Northwest,— where I placed the O on scratch I think you can map out the hold battle field, and there should be a hole there five or six ft Deep, where all of our men got killid was at the edge of high bluff only few of the men got down in the low grounds I am glad you met David McNeigh he was a first rate soldier and I hope he will write to me as I intend to write to him soon. I know Phillip Wells the Interprter and wish you good luck at Pine Ridge. The same at Bear Paw. The last I heard from E. H. Allison he was at Soldier Home Lancing Kansas geting treated for Rheumatism. So I will close by sending you best wishes and I await patencely to here from you again Respectfully yours Stanislas Roy ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p012.jpg) July 19/11 Mr. W. M. Camp 7740 Union Ave Chicago Dear Sir: I thought I would drop you a line tht you know how I was. I have been to Omaha & had an operation on my eye, and am feeling well now. The full name of our Librarian here is Miss Mable Collins. You wanted this name some time ago Here are some newspaper clippings I received from a friend in Oklahoma. I do not know any of the men in particular in the article. But the man Golden tells a pretty straight story of the affair. There were 6 companies ordered down south in the fall of 74. Three of them got ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p013.jpg) back in the summer of 75. G, K, & B did not get back until 76 they were stationed at Shreveport, La. This man Golden must have belonged to G or B. You look over your roster & see if you can find them. You may judge better when you read the clipping. I heard from Mrs Custer about 2 months ago. She spent last winter in Italy. She has gone on a years trip now. She told me to look out for miles article in July Cosmopolitan. I must say that Miles speaks no good of Grnl. Custer, & I mentioned to be what you told me about having a fort called Custer. Yours Truly John Burkman c/o JDoDonnely ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p014.jpg) Buffalo, Wyoming, July 21/11 Mr. Wm Camp; Chicago, Ill. Dear Sir: Your recent letter relative to information on the Macenzie fight; will say that Mr. Richard Young, at the instance of Mr. Tom Collins, has referred the letter to me to answer. The site of the battle is on the ranch owned by Mr. J. C. Van Dyke, and was on the "Red Fork of Powder river" I enclose herewith a statement of Troops engaged, as well as the Indians. If I can give you any additional information will be glad to do so. Will say further that I was in no way connected with the battle, but have always taken a great deal of interest in looking up the history of this part of Wyoming. So this accounts for the reason Mr. Young referred the letter to me to answer. Very Respct. J. [-]atchell [Written in pencil in the left margin] Get Section N number ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p015.jpg) Buffalo, Wyoming, Battle on Red Fork of Powder River. Morning of Nov 25 /1876 Cavalry consisting of following troops: Troops H and K of Third Cav. Troops B, D, E, F, I and M of Fourth Cavalry Troops H. and L of Fifth Cavalry Troop K of Second Cavalry. In all 28 officers and 790 enlisted men. 350 Indian Allies, consisting of Pawnee's, Crows Shoshones, and some few Cheyennes who had deserted their tribe. These troops and Indians were under the command of Colonel Randall S. Mackenzie. The Indians engaged were under command of Chief Dull Knife, and were the flower of the Cheyenne tribe. Result of the fight was the ultimate surrender later of the tribe, and about put and end to the Indian wars. The Cheyennes suffered heavy loss [-] in the fight but just now many was never definately known. Dull Knife was killed. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p016.jpg) [Hand-drawn map with the following labels] Myer Indian Village Thompsen Elliots High Point in No[---]ae Custers position X Inft Crossing Chorreshire ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p017.jpg) [Column 1] his troops that morning, From the place where the coats were piled we could see the fight in progress in the village, the crossing was at the foot of the steep trail leading up to the top of the high open that ran out into the horseshoe of the stream which made a sharp bend. The bed of the Stream may po[--] and very possibly has changed in over forty years, but my impression at the time was that it was the main Stream but it might have been a branch carrying the [-]rainage from the the promininse [Column 2] 1071 Ocean Av New London, Conn July 28, 11 Mr W. M. Camp Dear: Sir: I should have re- plied your letter of May 12th Containing questions about the Washita gight much [-]oiner, but some may over lookit it. As I stated to give when here sent [---] sir sent word to me as soon as the Camp of the indians ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p018.jpg) [Column 1] had been on e[---]d not to more any nearer the camp with the transportation for fear of giving the alarm to the Mousen. The night was cold and the creek- ing of the wagons and ambulances could be heard for some distance. I was then about one mile [--] rear of the Cavalry. I was informed that the attacks would be made a day-break, and was [---]lid [--] mom f[---] [--] oven as I heard the firing, as I stated to [-]u[-] I anticipated this order slightly and started [Column 2] to st[---] [---]. up just as the first [---] of day was visible in the [-]ant and perhaps ten minutes or fifteen before the fight opened and had [---]sed the [---]siny of [--]en of just as the firing [---] having moved forward about a half mile, I examined the crossing but found it not pe[---] cover for wagon so hurriedly collected all the available men with tools and in ten minutes we were crossing and follow ing up the trail up a steep grade to where the overcoats found. And where C[---]r had made [--]pusitin of ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p019.jpg) between the big bend of the stream but the character was like the main stream. There was but little water in the stream at any point. The stream was very t[---]- [---] and the [---] trail which you followed all the way cut straight across the stream and we must [---] [---] it 20 times during the night and at many places had to dig on at the last crossing, Should there be any other points or which you would like any information, write me and if I can will gladly give it to you. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p020.jpg) Pardon the delay & believe me Very sincerly Jack Bell ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p021.jpg) [Column 1] July 28—1911— W. M. Camp. Chicago, Ill. Dear Friend. Was pleased that you could understand my descriptions of the buffalo hunt. in those days. buffaloes were so plentiful that you Could go in any direction and find them—they [---] [---] covererd—I had Searched, roccks at a time and in the midst of buffaloes all the time—herds in front and behind me [Column 2] 2 started just out of—gun shot. I mentioned this supposed you can see. I did not have much riding to-do. I am getting weaker all the time—& I should like to see you again. Have not heard of Fred since last Spring. I am glad to see that Lo[---] is as going to get it in the neck. With best wishes, Your friend— F. [-]. Gerard. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p022.jpg) Forsyth. Aug. 6. 1911. W. M. Camp. Dear Sir --- The number of section west of my house Section (33) Township (5) north Range (42) east, of .Montana principal meridian. East of my house <(about 2 mi.)> is a high hill that is claimed to be one of Custers signal stations, If I can be of any further use will be glad to do all I can. Yours Truly, E. C. Spencer. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p023.jpg) Piqua O Aug 13th 1911 Mr W. M Camp Dear Friend Sir it was very pleasing to me to get your letter of 7th Inst, from The Milk River Country. for you Know how interested I was that you should find the the positions that will make another mark in History for the 7th Cavalry and one more Monument. and you Know that I am only one man of a few that is now living that par[---]ted participated in these three last Battles Vie, Little big Horn Bar Paw & Wounded Knee, Genl. Godfrey is the only one that I can name but you may have others on your list. if major Moylan was now living he could have the four battles. to his credit for he was Adjutant 7th Cav. at the battle of the Wichita Indian Terretory 1868. be pleased to Know that I am now intiraly well and all healed up and out of my trouble of the pesky Cancer, but it will be a few months before my Doctor bill will be Paid, if it was not for that I would Pay you a vesite at Chicago this ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p024.jpg) fall I am glad that I was some help to you in This last affair on Snake Creek the unexplained points that you could not understand are only miner ones for witch I can easely put you right. The Indian look out on small Hill North of Indian fork fac[---] ins was at that Time was a round hole dug in The Earth about ,4, feet in diamature and about 2 ½ ft deep and above the earth was a stone wall walled up round like a well, for <4> ft high This wall protruded above the ground and The lookout anabled with two Men to stand up and be per tected it was on the edge of The Hill in plain view of Indian Intrenchments and how an Indian got into it or got out I dont Know. but it was Talked about at the Time and There was an undermined ouTlet. now I have come to The Conclution That if you found a pile of bolders and rocks That That must be The place and That The rocks has fell in covered up The hole. There was no intrenchment put up by none of The Command That I Know off. for protection from The Indians ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p025.jpg) The place you mentioned where I had marched Hospital on my [--]itch[-] you might have taken for a fortifide position, but not from the Indians the Tents where the wounded were were put down and walled up to portect them cold. for wood and other fuel was scarce coffee for men on first night of the fight was made with buffalo chips the second night the wagon Train arived but brought little feul and it snowed that night and some of the wounded had their feed froze the third day if you remember me telling you that I had bin on detail with 16 pack mules with Packers to go to the Montains and get wood, witch I did and was complemented by Genl Miles. now the s[-]am to be intrenchment There are only and only to keep warn Now if you will write to me before you make up you map I can give you a pretty good idie how the troops ware Cordoned around the battle field. expecting letter soon I will close with my best wishes I am very Respectfully yours Stanislas Roy ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p026.jpg) Piqua O. Aug,, 23th 1911 Mr. W.M.Camp Dear Friend Sir, I will again write you a few lines, along with an im- agemary Photo that I came across in the Magizine of the Greatest Nations Published in New York. I do not believe the picture is an im agemary one but it is a good and Surely was Snaped on the battle field by some Troop that has bin there cence the Massacre, for the Idenity of the Ground & place are Natural. I send to you the back cover of the Magizine for all the reading about Gen Custer is on it. do you think that This picture was taken before reaching and crosing The dry Creek. or after Custer had crosed it. looks to me much like the place where Corp,, Foley was killed but across the dry Creek, if the Picture can be any good to you do not send it back the cover you can distroy as it is no good to any one —over— ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p027.jpg) hoping you have got back from the Northwest safe and well, and accomplished all dissired for good success. I am now as well as ever an my most worry is that I not doing anything and it is hard for me to occupy my mind outside of reading an walking about. you will let me hear from you again at your convenience. hoping you got my last letters with my best regard to you I will close. I am very respectfully yours Stanislas Roy Color Sgt U. S. Army retired 3-23 Parks Ave Piqua O. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p028.jpg) [Grayscale watercolor painting of Custer and soldiers riding] CUSTER'S LAST RIDE ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p029.jpg) The Story of the Greatest Nations WILL INCLUDE THE HISTORIES OF THE FOLLOWING COUNTRIES EGYPT, ASSYRIA, BABYLONIA, PERSIA, GREECE, ROME, GER- MANY, AUSTRIA, FRANCE, ENGLAND and its Colonies, RUSSIA, SPAIN, CHINA, JAPAN, THE UNITED STATES, its New Possessions, etc. BRIEF DESCRIPTIONS OF THE ILLUSTRATIONS TO APPEAR IN THE NEXT PART 1. THE SURRENDER OF CORNWALLIS (Photogravure).—Washington is the one man whom foreign nations appreciate as profoundly as we do. They always give him full honor and recognition. This is the idea a great Ger- man artist conceived of the Yorktown surrender. Hence Baron Steuben, the general of Frederick the Great, is dressed in very gorgeous uniform and thrust in on the extreme right. The short Frenchman in the long coat with his back to us is Lafayette. The defeated British army passes in the background. The French ships hover shadowy on the sea. 2. THE "PEACE BALL" AFTER THE SURRENDER OF CORNWALLIS.—It was not long after the victory at Yorktown before negotiations for peace were opened and the Virginians gave the famous "Peace Ball" in honor of their French allies. In our picture Washington has just entered the room, escorting his aged mother, and he presents to her his protegé, Lafayette. The other French officers leave the fair Virginia belles te honor the aged lady. 3. THEODORE ROOSEVELT RECEIVING THE SUMMONS TO THE PRESIDENCY.—When President Mc- Kinley was dying, word was dispatched to Roosevelt in haste. He was beyond the reach of telegrams, hunting in the mountain wilderness, and woodsmen were sent in every direction to find him. He was discovered with his two guides by the side of a deer they had just shot. Then came the wild night ride, thirty miles to a railway station. 4. PENN WELCOMED TO PHILADELPHIA BY THE OLD DUTCH SETTLERS.—William Penn was the founder of the great Quaker State of Pennsylvania; but before Penn or any of his colonists arrived, the region had already a few European inhabitants. These were Dutchmen from New Netherland who had built little towns in Dela- ware and even had a settlement at Philadelphia. Penn, as owner of the land, might have expelled them all; but they had heard nothing but good reports of his moderation and justice, and awaited his coming without fear. They wel- comed him with such cordiality as we see, and readily secured his confirmation of their right to their homes. 5. WASHINGTON AND HIS TROOPS ENTERING NEW YORK, 1783 (From an Old Print).—This most inter- esting old print shows our hero after the evacuation of New York by the last of the British troops. Hamilton, Lafay- ette, and his other aides accompany him, his wife awaits him in the city mansion in the foreground. The peaceful-look- ing old colonial houses scarce suggest the mighty "sky-scraping" business centre of our own day. 6. THE BRITISH FUR-TRADERS SECURING THE PEACEFUL SURRENDER OF ASTORIA.—This inci- dent marks the beginning of the American settlement of the Pacific coast. Mr. Astor, a New York merchant, sent out an expedition to trade with the Indians for furs, and a fort was built in Oregon at the mouth of the Columbia River, and called Astoria (1811). British fur-traders were also exploring the region and the War of 1812 threatened to bring the two parties to a hostile clash. The sending of a British fleet to the Pacific, led to the Americans' making peaceful terms with their rivals. They sold their furs and surrendered their fort, and the disappointed naval officers found nothing left to plunder. 7. OUR FIRST PRESIDENTS.—These pictures present to us the grave, strong men who guided our infant Na- tion through the trying days of its early existence. All Europe imposed on us more or less, and again and again our people wanted to fight. But we had just finished one exhaustive war, and the firm and resolute pilots who held the helm of state refused, so long as they possibly could, to let us plunge into another. We feel now that their caution probably saved us from destruction. 8. THE LAST COMPROMISE—CLAY URGING HIS "OMNIBUS" BILL UPON THE SENATE.—Clay and Webster were the great statesmen of our middle history. Both were devoted to the cause of "Union" as opposed to the secession which slavery threatened. Clay delayed the strife for forty years by persuading Congress to accept one compromise measure after another, in the effort to appease both sides. We see him here in his last great speech before the Senate, when, in his old age (1850), he persuaded the doubtful Northern men to yield yet a little further, and so postponed the civil war until after his death. The great Senate of 1850 contained Webster, who sits with head on hand, Calhoun, whose sunken eyes stand out from the right of the picture, and many another statesman of national fame. 9. CUSTER'S LAST RIDE.—General Custer was sent in pursuit of the Sioux Indians in 1876. He discovered their main trail on June 25, and followed it in hot haste, as we see him here. With about two hundred men he came unexpectedly upon the lower end of the enemies' huge camp, containing thousands of warriors, and without a moment's hesitation he charged the foe. We know little of the battle that followed, for every man of Custer's force was slain. 10. "IT IS GOD'S WAY. HIS WILL BE DONE!"—This presents the scene by McKinley's death-bed, drawn from a photograph of the room and furniture. That scene and those noble words have already taken their place in his- tory. They are the record of our martyred President's calm religious faith, spoken when death's touch was very close. His devoted wife sat beside him holding his hand, the nurse turned away sobbing, the doctors watched from a corner of the room, as in those brave words the hero laid aside all his plans and ambitions, and yielded his way to 11. DEATH OF GENERAL WOLFE.—This story is almost too well known for repetition. Wolfe stormed Que- bec in the French and Indian war, and died in the moment of victory, thanking God that he had won. The French general, Montcalm, was also mortally wounded and offered thanks that he need not live to see the surrender of Quebec. 12. THE THIRTEEN STATES OF 1776.—This is a historical map showing exactly the territory belonging to each of the thirteen States, when they first declared their independence. It shows also the date and place of settlement of each State, and the location of the main battlefields of the Revolution. IMPORTANT NOTICE. NO SUBSCRIBER'S NAME WILL BE RECEIVED FOR LESS THAN THE COMPLETE WORK AS STIPULATED IN SUBSCRIBER'S WRITTEN CONTRACT, AND NO ORDER CAN BE CANCELLED. The parts are payable on delivery, the carrier not being permitted to give credit or receive money in advance. Subscribers removing or not being regularly supplied will please address the publisher. In case the removal is to some distant place, outside our regular delivery routes, parts will be supplied by mail, postage prepaid. F. R. NIGLUTSCH, 29 & 31 East 22d Street (near Broadway), New York ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p030.jpg) Allen S. Dak. Sept 4—1911 W M. Camp Dear Sir Just had Owl Bull & Talked With him, he said he was one of the 7. in Party on hill he only saw the boy—he says the boy was Killed by the Soldiers, this side of Indian Camp. Owl Bull says 4 Cheyennes, followed Custer came around him & came to them on the hill & wanted them to go to Camp. Owl Bull Persuaded his Party not to Join; as he had 2 men Wounded now laying in Camp, & did not Wish to have any more Killed or Wounded—he saw the Fight at a distance he did not see the Old man, with the boy, he says the Cheyennes left his Party & Went To Juntion Camp a little before noon, he seemed afraid to talk; this is of no Importance but I write/it as I Promised, Many thanks for the Pictures, Will be pleased, to assist you any time, in any way I can. With best wishes J. J. Boesl Allen. S. Dak ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p031.jpg) W M Camp Orange, Mass. Sept 8th 1911. Dear Sir your kind favor of Aug 16th, with address of Book Dealers recd, and I thank you very much, have recd from Washington and Phil, but get no reply from "Barkers," of Chicago, I did not intend to imply that "our wounded was left without any protection," my own belief was that everything started when Reno began his futil attempt to find Custer, I know that A Troop did, as also K and D, but Ryan seemed to think that the wounded, the Pack train ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p032.jpg) and a guard, was left when Benteen joined us, and while I could not swear that such was not the case, I still think he was mistaken, there was then no very badly wounded one's, none wounded so that they could not be taken along, the badly wounded ones showed up after our return, and the next day, there was a Taylor in the Regt. at the same time I was, in fact I think there was three of us, but I never met either that I know of, I believe one belonged to 9 Troop but I do not remember his given name, the men in one Troop knew very little of those in other Troops, for less than you would think, Very Truly yours W O Taylor ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p033.jpg) 7740 UNION AVE., CHICAGO, Sept. 19, 1911. Col. C. A. Lounsberry, 76 N. Y. Ave., N. E., Washington, D.C. Dear Sir:— When I called on you, last October, you kindly gave me some account of the sending of the news of the battle of Little Bighorn, from, Bismarck, on the night of July 5, 1876. I think that you told me the news came to you about 11 p.m., when Capt. Grant Marsh, Dr. Porter and two others came to the office from the Steamer Far West. I find that I failed to note down the names of the two others referred to, but have an impression that one of them was Capt. E. W. Smith, Gen. Terry's Adjt. General. Will you please verify my recollection of the matter and tell me again the name of the other caller besides Smith, or the names of the two, if Smith was not one of them. That night or the next day a long account of the battle of Little Bighorn was sent in to the New York Herald by some one credited as its correspondent, and that person was an officer who accompanied Generals Gibbon and Terry up the Bighorn, so it appears from reading the account, No name, however, is given. Can you tell me who that officer was? Thanking you for the favor of a reply, I am Yours truly, W. M. Camp. Captain Smith, Terry's Adjutant General, General Terry, and Dr. Porter and Grant Marsh called at my office on the arrival of the boat. They, probably Dr Porter, as he was a warm personal friend, gave me manuscript from Mark Kellegg's haversack, gave me a list of the dead and wounded, and a pass book containing notes written ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p034.jpg) on the field by General J. S. Brisbin, then Major 2d. Cavalry with Gibbons command. He sent these notes to me with instructions to be sure to give the New York Herald, which I represented, as full an account as possible, for the reason that the Herald having done him some personal service he had promised that if he ever had an opportunity to give them a scoop he would do so. Kellogg was employed by me and sent his reports to the Herald through me. I did as Brisbin requested and gave the facts to the Herald—facts as to his request—and as he requested. It was a valuable portion of the report but as to other details he had nothing to do. There was Mark Kelloggs notes written up to almost the moment of battle (not the ones recovered from his knapsack), Porter's information as to the dead and wounded; interviews with General Terry<*>, Capt. Smith, Grant Marsh, and with officers and men and with Girard and other civillian employees. † I do not believe that even the Herald ever realized the good work done by their actual correspondent, that is myself, on that occasion. As Brisbin's record may not be at hand, I give it to you from Heitman: Brisbin, James Shanks: Pa. Pa. 2d lt 1 dgrs 26, Apr. 1861; 1 cav 3 Aug. 1861; capt. 6 cav 5 Aug. 1861; col. 5. US. c. cav. 1 Mar 1864; brig. gen vols 1 May 1865; hon mus out of vol serv 15 Jan. 1866; trans to 9th cav 8 Sept. 1866; maj. 2 cav 1 Jan 1868; lt col 9th cav 6 June, 1885; col 1 cav 20 Aug. 1889; tr to 8th cav 22 April 1891; bvt Major 9th June 1863 for gal and meritorious services in the battle of Beverly FordVa; lt col\19th Dec. 1864; for gallant and mer. ser in action at Marion East Ten.,; col. 13th Mar 1865 for gal and mer ser during the war; brig gen vols for 12th March Dec. 1864; maj Gen vols 13 March 1865 for mer services during the war; died 14 Jan. 1892. Very respectfully, C. A. Lounsberry. * Here he probably refers not to the report of Gen Terry. Gen Terry did not accompany the steamer to Bismarck W.M.C. [The following is written sideways in the right margin] † The data from these interviews were published in NY Herald 7/11/76 p3 ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p035.jpg) the New York Herald a letter dated Mouth of the Rosebud, June 21, 1876, giving an account of the expedition up to that date, especially with ref erence to a scout that Reno and six companies had made from the Powder over to the Rosebud. In an explanatory note it is stated that this let Col C. A. Lounsberry, by one of the officers killed with Custer on June 25. It must have therefore been put on the Far West on June 21 and re- 76 N. Y. Ave., [---], the Far West reached Bismarck, on the night of July 5 I have a curiosity to learn who this officer was, who wrote the letter. Washington, D.C. [The following is written sideways in the left margin] Col. C. A. Lounsberry Dear Sir:— I have received your letter of 21st inst. and thank you for the information as to Gen. Brisbin's connection with the New York Herald story of the Little Bighorn campaign, and also for the military record of Gen. Brisbin. Your statement about the sources of the information contained in that New York Herald story, you being the correspondent and using data obtained from Brisbin, Capt. Smith, Grant Marsh, together with interviews that had been obtained from Gen. Terry, Dr. Porter, Gerard and others, makes the matter clearer to me than it had appeared before. You write also of Mark Kellogg's notes, and I quote your letter as follows: "There was Mark Kellogg's notes written up to almost the moment of the battle (Not the ones recovered from his knapsack)." I am not just sure that I rightly/understand the import of the words in parenthesis, but I infer that the noted recovered from the knapsack were used as the basis of what you wrote for the New York Herald. In other words, Kellogg's notes do not appear in the New York Herald in the form in which they were found in the knapsack. Will you please set me right in regard to this matter? About a week after [illegible deletion] there appeared in the New York Herald a letter dated Mouth of the Rosebud, June 21, 1876, giving an account of the expedition up to that date, especially with ref- erence to a scout that Reno and six companies had made from the Powder over to the Rozebud. In an explanatory note it is stated that this let- ter had been written by one of the officers killed with Custer, on June 25. must have therefore been put on the Far West on June 21 and re- mained there until the Far West reached Bismarck, on the night of July 5. I have a curiosity to learn who this officer was, who wrote the letter. (over) ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p036.jpg) It is quite a long letter, and probably passed through your hands. Can you tell me the name of the officer? Being a historian yourself, you will understand my persistence as to details of this character, and you will no doubt have the patience necessary to bear with me. Thanking you for a reply at convenience, I remain Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p037.jpg) Questions. answered by F F Gerard You may, if you wish, return answers on this sheet 1—Which one of the Jackson boys was left with you in the timber when Reno retreated? Was it "Bob" or "Bill"? 1 It was Bill Jackson. 2—If it was "Billy" Jackson, then which command was "Bob" with—Reno's or Custer's. If Bob no 2 Renos 3—If "Bob" was with Custer how did he escape and where did he go to? Did he ever explain this? 3 Bob Jackson and a number was chased by the and Scoust and Renos was attack and went to the mouth off the Potter river. contonnent 4.—Do you know where either of the Jackson boys or the Scout George Herndon (or Herendeen) can now be found, or where were they were when you last heard of them? Bill Jackson died one year and a half ago and Bob. is at Fort Benton agency the last heard of George Herndon he was at Bossman. 5—Did you ever see a photograph of Mitch Bouyer, Bloody Knife or Isaaiah, all of whom were killed on the Little Big Horn? and who has any of these photographs? 6—Can you give the names of any of the citizen packers besides M. Wagoner, Mr Churchill, John Frett and H. C. Mann ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p038.jpg) 5. I do not remember seeing any of there photographs you might be able to get some of them at Bismark. O. S. Goff is the name of the man that might have them as he is in the photograph business there 6 I knew none of the Packers some of the Citizens names are Muggens Taylor, Mark Kellog <[-]> Mr Mc/ Daniels Scout last heard of at Bossman, (J. Wilkinson Scout of the Renos command Renos Court held in Chcago Feb and March 1877 publish in the Chicago Tribune might prove valuable to you T. T. Gerard ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p039.jpg) St. Joseph's Home, St. Cloud, Minn. Sept. 28th 1911. Mr. Wm. Camp, 774o Union Ave., Chicago, Ill. My dear Friend, Yours of the 22nd inst., duly received. You remarks in regard to government orders to the soldiers to kill all the buffalos that they could so as to deprive the Indians from anything to eat . There were no such orders issued . There was a great deal of talk at the time as would settle the Indians, difficulty. The half breeds in the North were the ons who dis- troyed the buffalo . I have known one camp to kill as many as two-thousand in one day's hunt , not one buffalo would escape. The half breeds counted by carts and this camp numbered 2400 carts which they would load with buffalo meat fresh and dried , four times ayear . I regret to hear that col. Varnum has gone to the hos- pital . He is getting advanced in years ;we must all travel the same road and there are but few left of the regiment. I hear through Grant March from my daughter now and then, who is living in Bismarck. He is well up in years and must soon follow in the footsteps of his predecessor . I am just about the same , only I suffer considerable from rhumatism . hese papers come quite regularly for which except my heartfelt thanks . They have kept me in touch with the outside world from the avition to politics black hand outrages. Let me hear from you if you can ; I always like to hear from you . Ever your friend, F. F. Gerard ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p040.jpg) McLaughlin So. Dak Oct 1st 1911 Mr W M Camp. Dear friend Yours of the 27th rec[--] yesterday [---] contents noted [---] my dear friend, My Brother John T. Brug[---] was the only more who had nerve and courage— enough to point Mr Rani- [---]—Fore to Tom Custer, new if any one wishes to contridict this you let me [---]. I was at the time in the employe of J. W. Besler and Parter of Omoha working on the Beef herd. I am tilling you what is [---] I wish I could see you. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p041.jpg) 2 9 in regard to this, John was at the time clerk in store it was a queer way that John gave him away no one knew him nor wanted to know him white or Indians and John was the only man who had nerve enough to give away [---] I could see you and tell you hear it was done hoping to hear from you [---] to not put this in print until I see you Good bye best wishes Your friend Sam Bruguier Sam Bruguier ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p042.jpg) O. S. Dear friend When you come out if should come be sure and about 4 quarts of the best in your suit base and I will pay for it dont forget that pair of the plug.- Sam ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p043.jpg) Oct. 5, 1911. Mr. Samuel Bruguier, Mc Laughlin, S.Dak. Dear Sir: and Friend:— I have received your letter of Oct.1 and thank you for the particulars about the connection of your brother John with the capture of Rain-in-the-Face. I shall await with interest the day when I can hear from you the details of this affair. You appear to be more familiar with a number of events which I men- tioned when I met you than any one else whom I met. on the reservations, and it will be a pleasure to me if I can get out to Standing Rock this winter and get you to go with me up Grand River and over to Bull Head, to see some of the Indians whom you mentioned. With best regards in the meantime, I remain Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p044.jpg) Col. Geo. S. Young, Oct. 5, 1911. 21st U.S. Infantry, Manila, P. I. Dear Sir:— Your letter of June 13 was received at my home while I was absent for about a/month, and only recently came to my notice. Let me thank you for the for the full and explicit statement that you have given me in reference to the removal of the remains of the soldiers from Ft. Phil Kearney to the Custer Battlefield Cemetery. I am accepting as final your statement to the effect that no grading down of the ridge was done at the time of these reinterments in 1888. The date Oct. 1889 was given me by the Quartermaster General, .U. S. A. but in the annual report of the war dept. I find that 1888 is correct. You say further that you have the impression that no regular grading was ever done at this place, except for the base of the monument. I am disposed to accept this also as correct, but here I meet with a little difficulty in reconciling such with what seems to be reliable accounts of the lay of the ground at the end of the ridge when the bodies of Custer and his men were found there. If you can have patience to dis- cuss this matter with me a little further I shall be much pleased, par- ticularly as you were there June 28, 1876, when the bodies were buried, and also in later years. Several officers of the 7th Cavalry who were there when the dead were buried tell me that the extreme end of the ridge, where the body of Gen Custer lay, was considerably higher than any other part of the ridge, being, in fact, a little round knob or peak not more than 20 feet wide on top, but not exactly level on top; that Capt. Tom Custer's body lay at the highest point, the General's body the third one from it and a little lower down; and that three dead horses lay across this so-called little peak or rise. Gen. Roe tells me that he erected the monument ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p045.jpg) in 1881, only 6 feet from the stake where Gen. Custer's body had been buried, and that he did no grading or cutting down of the crest of the ridge. Under separate cover I send you a photograph of the Custer monu- ment which I took last summer, and which you may keep. This monument stands at the west end of the ridge (to be accurate, the ridge runs from southeast to northwest, and the view in the picture is looking toward the northwest, along the top of the ridge). If the picture were contin- ued toward the right the reinterments from Ft. Phil Kearney would be seen where the red marks appear, in the margin of the card. The Ft. Phil Kearney graves are at the same level as the base of the monument. Now the end of the ridge, where the monument stands, is 140 feet wide and dead level. In the picture you see a team of horses tied to the iron fence surrounding the monument, and a wagon. This wagon is about at the center of the level plat on which the monument stands. The markers seen at the left are supposed to stand where the group of dead bodies lay about that of Custer's. The marker for Custer stands among this group and near the top, being under the arrow which I have marked with a black pencil. According to Gen. Roe it should be within the iron fence. My only question or point which I would like to have discussed is in reference to the topography of the ground where the monument stands. Bearing in mind that the plat on which the monument stands is 140 feet wide, in a direction transverse to the general direction/of the ridge, does the ground in the picture appear as you recollect it on June 28, 1876, when you first saw it? Any comments that you may have to make will be appreciated. Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p046.jpg) in 1881, only 6 feet from the stake where Gen. Custer's body had been buried, measured to the center of the base of the monument; and that he did no grading or cutting down of the ridge. Now, as a matter of fact, the end of the ridge where the monument now stands is dead level and 140 feet wide, and this flat or level top of the ridge extends eastward for more than 500 feet. I enclose a map of this portion of the field drawn by myself from accurate surveys. The scale is purposely exaggerated. Elevations refer to the river bed as datum. The white dots indicate marble markers for dead bodies. The location of the graves for bodies removed from Ft. Phil Kearney is indicated by red pencil. Please note that the whole top of the ridge which appears on this sketch, about 500 feet in length, approximately east and west, is flat and dead level. The Ft. Phil Kearney graves and the monument stand at precisely the same level or elevation. The marker for Gen. Custer is indicated thus: (x) It is admitted that several of these markers are out of place, being quite a ways down on the side of the hill. Now the only point that I am aiming to discuss is regarding the topog raphy of the extreme end of the ridge. How comes it now to be flat and 140 feet wide, and no higher than any other part of the top of the ridge over a length of 500 feet? Do you recall such to have been the condi- tion of the surface in 1876 and 1888? George Herendeen, who was with me on the ground last year, said that as he recalled the place in 1876, the ground where the monument now stands must have been 7 or 8 feet higher than the ground where the Ft. Phil Kearney gravesare located, whereas, as above stated, both are now at the same level. The top of the ridge where these graves are located is fully 100 feet wide. It grows gradually narrower as one goes east- ward. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p047.jpg) 76 New York Av., N. E., Washington, D. C., Oct. 16, 1911. W. M. Camp, Chicago. My dear Sir. Pardon the delay in answering your letter of Sept. 27th. I have been engaged in revising some matter for publication and your letter passed out of mind for several days. It was Kellogg's way to make notes from day to day and in the evening or other times of delay write them up for publication having matter always ready when the opportunity should come to send out his letter. This matter was in his haversack and was found scattered about his remains and gathered up by Brisbin and sent me, while the notes proper were left in his knapsack for more elaborate writing, probably, later. The papers found were used as a part of the story telegraphed by me, as the notes sent by Brisbin were used as a part. Up to the time of this publication The Herald had no information as to Kellogg and I am inclined to think that they assumed that he was an officer, and that they confounded his death , and the fact of Brisbin furnishing a part of the report, and got the impression that it was the officer instead of Kellogg who was killed. Custer had furnished a horse and means of subsistence for Kellogg who went in my place, and he was known as the only corres- pondent, and I am inclined to think that whatever information the officers had to give they furnished to Kellogg up to the time of his death as they furnished to me afterwards. There is this possible exception. Custer himself had an itch for writing and may have written The Herald something but I do not recall anything in the report or in connection with it, that he ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p048.jpg) furnished or that was furnished by any officer who was killed. The letter you speak of may have been written by Custer. I am quite sure there was no other officer engaged in correspondence who was killed. I think it was one of Kellogg's belated letters. If one of Custer's it was probably sent out the other way. Or it may, as you say, have been sent out on the Far West mail. If as they state, it was by an officer, that officer was surely Custer. I will try, to see the Herald. If I handled the letter I am quite sure I would remember it. I will go to the Library sometime during the week and try to find it, and if I can throw any light on it I will advise you. Respectfully, C.A.Lounsberry. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p049.jpg) Interior So. Dak Oct. 19/11 W.M.Camp Chicago Ill. Dear Sir I will answered your letter today I have trying to fine out more about the big foot pass is located four miles north west from Interior, and the cross which they made is six miles up above Interior close to the Ash grove, friend thats the nearest I could fine out for your. we are all well hoping this few lines will fine you the same. Yours Respectefully Auti[---] Bouyer. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p050.jpg) [---] North Dakota Str Expansion Oct 19th Mr W M Camp Chicago ill Dear sir i Received your letter & thank you [---] the same i also note Carefully what you say i will Be Delighted to meet you in Reference to Mr [---] i will say that i am now [---] North of Bismarck & he lives South So i doubt if i will get to see him soon should i meet him i will ask a a [---] to me to give you the information which you seek i thank you very much in giving me the information about [--] B[---] the people in this county thinks it will ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p051.jpg) Benton Packet Company Missouri and Yellowstone River Steamers ISAAC P. BAKER, Manager. have a Large Sale i may have spelled Cadet's name wrong when i invite you his name is M C Cadet he & his men was in the Bed when our Scouts was attacked on Colorado River my B[--]k tells of the incident he also tells of a very evident incident about Corporal Kane which is my [---] should I get to see him i will give your matter attention very Respectfully Grant Marsh ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p052.jpg) Piqua O My Dear Friend Oct. 26th 1911 Mr. W.M. Camp Sir I will only drop you a few lines this morning hoping you have got back from Colorado and well for my part I am quite well. Yesterday at our Library looking over the Washington Evening Star I came across The Death Herbert G. Squirs in London Eng. I send you Clipping. he was one of our 7th Cavalry That I had lost Track off Captain F.W. Benteen has bin releaved at Jefferson Barracks Mo. and will join his Regiment—Excuse this short letter hoping to here from you accationally. Especialy when you command to Linking the History of the 7th Cav. Together and your own adventirous Travals in the West. I am as ever yours Stanislas Roy 523 Park Ave Piqua O. Color Sergt. U.S. Army retired ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p053.jpg) DEATH OF H. G. SQUIERS, FORMER U. S. DIPLOMAT Represented This Country in Vari- ous Positions Abroad—Ex- pires in London. [Photograph of man] HERBERT G. SQUIERS. Herbert G. Squiers, former captain in the United States Army, one of the most picturesque figures in recent diplo- matic circles, died in London Thursday. News of his death was received last night. Mr. Squiers was secretary to the United States legation at Peking in 1898, and during the attack upon the city by the Boxers he acted as chief of staff to Sir Charles Macdonald, for which service he received the official thanks of the British government. His health was undermined by constant foreign service, especially during the years 1906 to 1910, when he was min- ister to Panama. During the last year and a half he had been cruising chiefly in European waters in his steam yacht Norseman. Funeral in New York. Mr. Squiers' wife and daughter were with him when he died and will bring his body to this country. The funeral services will be held at St. Francis Xavier's Church in New York. No date has been announced. Mr. Squiers was fifty-one years old. He was born at Toronto, Canada, but while he was an infant his parents settled in Minnesota. He entered West Point Acad- emy and after being stationed at Fort Monroe was transferred to a cavalry reg- iment. While at Fort Monroe he became en- gaged to Miss Helen Fargo of Buffalo, daughter of a leading stockholder of the Wells-Fargo Express Company. The union was frowned upon, but Mr. Fargo died and shortly afterward the two eloped. An older sister of Miss Fargo left her entire fortune to the couple. His Second Marriage. After the death of his first wife, Mr. Squiers married Miss Hattie Woodcock of Sing Sing. In 1894 he was appointed secretary of the legation at Peking. In 1902 he was appointed United States min- ister to Cuba and in 1906 minister to Pan- ama. Mr. Squiers was an ardent advo- cate of the plan to have the United States provide each ambassador with a home in the capital to which he is sent. [The following is written sideways in the right margin] Evening Star Wash. D.C ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p054.jpg) to Clear Up Very Game Can Be Monday. day unless the rain soon ceased. The wet weather is giving the manage[-] of the Athletics an oppurtunity to catch up on his correspondence, which has been unusually heavy since the Philadelphia team won its second game from New York. Among telegrams he has received were invitations to play one of the games in Tacoma, Wash., and in Augusta, Ga. The members of the Athletic team re ported at the grounds as usual today, and were excused until Monday morn- ing at 10 o'clock, when they will try to get some much needed practice, if the weather permits. Reuben Oldring, the centerfielder, returned to Mount Vernon, N. Y., where his sister will be buried tomorrow. He expects to join the team Monday. Oldring, who arrived early today from Mount Vernon, said his mother was very ill. As soon as the game was officially postponed Manager McGraw of the New York team released the members of his team until Monday morning, and they scattered in all directions. Most of them left for New York at 11 o'clock The two days' postponement also en abled hundreds of out-of-town people who have been here since Wednesday to see the fourth game to go home over Sunday. GIANTS A SORE LOT They Want to Figure in the Moving-Picture Money. PLAYERS ORDERED TO POSE But When a Man With the Machine Bobs Up They Cover Their Faces or Turn Away. PHILADELPHIA, October 21.—The Giants are a sore lot these days. The two defeats at the hands of the Athletics do not cause them half as much worry as some of the discipline that has been heap- ed upon them. The fining of Merkle, the reprimand administered McGraw and a few things have had a tendency to upset the spirits of the New Yorkers. But yes- terday there came another black cloud to mar the horizon. This new trouble is a controversy over some moving pictures taken of the Giants on the field. The players want to know why it is that they cannot figure in the money for the pictures. They possibly remember that Jeffries and Johnson go[-] large sums as their shares for the moving pictures of their battle, so the Giants be- lieve they could use a little money them- selves. It is rumored that only one con- cern has the privilege of taking the pic- tures, so the players feel that they should get a pretty nice piece of money, as they are the attractions which make the pic- tures desirable. Since the opening of the series the Giants have covered their faces with their hands and arms when they saw [---] ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p055.jpg) Oct. 26, 1911. Mr. Ben Clark, Fort Reno, El Reno, Okla. Dear Friend:— After leaving Fort Reno, on Sunday morning, Oct. 15, I went to Oklahoma City, as planned, and spent the day with my friend John Fields, editor of the Oklahoma Farm Journal, who was a classmate of mine in college. I then went on to St. Louis and was there four days attending a railroad convention, and wound up at home in good shape last Saturday night. Since returning home I have looked up the record of a treaty made with the Northern Cheyennes and Northern Arapahoes, in 1868, wherein I find that Dull Knife was one of the signers of the treaty, which was made held at Fort Laramie. The record gives Dull Knife's name as "Tahmela Pashme". This is evidently a mistake of the interpreter, whoever he was. In order to properly inform myself, can you tell me whether the words Tah- mela Pashme are Cheyenne, and what they mean. It strikes me that the interpreter may possibly have understood only Arapahoe, and if the words quoted are not Cheyenne they may be Arapahoe. Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F18_B1a_F19_p056.jpg) Oct. 30, 1911. W. M. Camp, esq., 7740 Union Avenue, Chicago, Ill. Dear Sir: I duly received your letter of the 27th ultimo, and have to advise you that according to the reports submitted to me a tele- graph line was built for the Western Union in 1866 along the stage coach line from Salt Lake via Ogden, Brigham City, Bear River, Malad, Fort Hall, Eagle Rock, Market Lake, Camas, Pleasant Valley and Ryans to Virginia City, and that in 1867 this line was extended along the stage coach line via White Tail, Boulder and Prickley Pear to Helena. The telegraph line from Helena to Forts Shaw and Benton, Mont., was built by the Government along the wagon road through Wolf Creek Can- yon. The line from Helena to Fort Ellis was also built by the Government and was constructed along the wagon road which, for most of the way, followed the head waters of the Missouri River. Both of these Government lines were built in 1867 and 1868. Trusting that the above information will be of some assist- ance to you in your researches, I am, Yours truly, [-]Brooks General Manager. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p001.jpg) Fort Reno, Ok. Nov. 1, 1911 Mr. W. M. Camp, Dear Sir— I am glad to know you got home all right, was a little afraid you might be late for the train Sunday when you left my quarters. No such word as "Tah me la Pashme" in the Cheyenne, nor can I find it in the Arapaho, the letters l & [-], do not appear in any Cheyenne word. Although Dull Knife was known to the whites as Dull- Knife, (Mutchk In ik hop) he was more generally called by the Indians—"Wo-ha-eve" which means a rabbit of the larger species, (Jackrabbit) Sioux half-breeds were generally more plentiful around harami[-] than Cheyennes, can you find any thing like "Tah- me la Pashme" in the Sioux? Were there any Crow- Indians or Indians of other tribes at the council? "Pash me" sounds more like Crow. Hoping you will find the inter- pretation of "Tah me la Pashme" which is too much for me, I am yours truly, Ben Clark ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p002.jpg) Nov. 3, 1911. Mr. Ben Clark, Fort Reno, El Reno, Okla. Dear Friend:— I thank you for your letter of 1st inst. informing me that the words "Tahmela Pashme" are neither Cheyenne nor Arapahoe. The words have a familiar Sioux sound, and I had a suspicion that the inter- preter was trying to pass off some Sioux for Cheyenne, xxxxxxxxxxxx, but thought that before coming to a conclusion I would first find out if there were any Cheyenne or Arapahoe words that had similar sounds, think- ing that the words, as spelled, might be a mixture of Sioux and Cheyenne or Sioux and Arapahoe. It is all clear to me now, seeing that there xx neither Cheyenne nor Arapahoe\sounds in the words. Tahmela Pashme is a corruption of three Sioux words that mean His Dull Knife. Dull Knife alone, in Sioux, is Mila Peshni, pronounced Meela Payshnee His Dull Knife would be Tamila Peshni " Tahmeela Payshnee I notice, upon closer inspection, that the names of other Cheyennes who signed the treaty of May 10, 1868, at Laramie are wrongly spelled, although bearing a better resemblance to the Cheyenne language than the words for Dull Knife. For instance, the name of Little Wolf appears as "Okum Gache". Greatly appreciating your assistance in straightening out this matter I remain Yours truly, P. S. Just to show you how mistakes or errors of this character are per- petuated, the Smithsonian Institution, in its Handbook of American Ind- ians, has adopted "Tah-me-la Pash-me as the name of Dull Knife. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p003.jpg) Miles City Mont Nov 4th—11 Mr W M. Camp Chicago Ill Dear Sir Just Saw a Man Who Was At the Mouth of Rosebud <(Big Horn)> River When M[---] Taylor left for F[-]t Ellis with the Dispatch. He Says Taylor left at night. Put gunner Sacks on Horses feet So as to make no noise. i wrote you it was safe to say at night as they always left at night ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p004.jpg) 2 and kept Hid in the Daytime Hope you will soon Have your Book out i am very anctious to see it. anything else you wish to Know that i Can Help you in i Will Be glad to Do So yours Truly J M Sipes ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p005.jpg) Nov. 7, 1911. Gen. Fred C. Ainsworth, Adjt. Gen., U. S. Army, Washington, D. C. Dear Sir:— In connection with the Little Bighorn expedition of 1876 one enlisted man or more, of B Company, 6th U. S. Inf., was drowned in the Yellowstone while carrying the mail of the 7th Cavalry down that stream to Ft. Buford. The information given me regarding the incident is con- flicting as to the number of men drowned, and also as to the place, some saying that it occurred at the mouth of the Powder and others at the mouth of the Rosebud. I imagine that the monthly report of the 6th U. S. Infantry for June, 1876, contains all the data that is necessary to settle the matter. If you can give me, from this or other records, the names of any enlisted men of the 6th Inf. noted as drowned during June, 1876, with the date, and place, if noted, I will much appreciate the favor. Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p006.jpg) 1845836 November 9, 1911. Mr. W. M. Camp, 7740 Union Avenue, Chicago, Illinois. Sir: Referring to your letter of the 7th instant in which you state that in connection with the Little Big Horn Expedition of 1876 one enlisted man or more of Company B, 6th United States Infantry, was drowned in the Yellowstone while carrying the mail of the 7th Cavalry down that stream to Fort Buford, and in response to your request to be furnished the names of any enlisted men of the 6th Infantry noted as drowned during 1876, with the date and place, I have the honor to advise you as follows: No man of Company B, 6th Infantry, is shown to have been drowned during the Yellowstone and Sioux Expeditions in the months of May and June, 1876. One man only of the 6th Infantry was drowned during the entire year of 1876, namely, Henry Fox, sergeant, Company D, 6th Infantry, who is shown to have been drowned June 12, 1876, at Stanley's Crossing in the Yellowstone River. No circumstances attending the drowning are set forth beyond the fact that it is recorded as oc- curring in the line of duty, and that the body was never recovered. It appears that Company D, 6th Infantry, left Fort Buford, Dakota Terri- tory on May 14, 1876, as a guard for the supply depot, Yellowstone Expedition, on the steamer Josephine and arrived at Stanley's Crossing, Yellowstone River, May 18, 1876, where it remained until June 12, 1876, when it reembarked on the steamer Far-West and disembarked June 14, 1876, at Pellow's Claim, Mouth of the ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p007.jpg) 1845836—2 Powder River, Montana. Very respectfully, FCAinsworth The Adjutant General. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p008.jpg) Colville Indian Agency, Room 219 Federal Building, Spokane, Washington, November 9, 1911. Mr. W. M. Camp, 7740 Union Avenue, Chicago, Ill. Dear Mr. Camp: Yours of June 26, 1911, in regard to the Old Nez Perce war chief White Bird was received at my former headquarters in July, during my absence in attendance before the U. S. Court in Spokane, Washington, and was buried under a mass of correspondence, which has prevented action until now. From some of the older members of Joseph's Band at Nespelem I learn that White Bird went to Canada with Sitting Bull after the war of '76 and '77, where, about a year later, he got into a fight with a Nez Perce Indian named La-am-nim-hoosis, who killed him with an ax. The murderer was sentenced to a penitentiary in Canada, in which he died. Very sincerely yours, [--]s. McA. Webber W/Sc. Captain U. S. A., Supt. & S. D. A. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p009.jpg) Nov. 13, 1911. Gen Fred C. Ainsworth, Adjt. General, U. S. Army, Washington, D. C. Dear Sir:— I desire to thank you for your letter of 9th inst. giving me information as to date and place of the drowning of Sergt. Henry Fox, D Company, 6th U. S. Infantry, in June, 1876. Your letter covers the ground and clears up for me the doubtful points. Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p010.jpg) Indians Nov. 14, 1911. Rev. C. L. Hall, Elbowoods, N. Dak. Dear Sir:— You will probably recall previous correspondence from me and also meeting me at Mr. Metheny's, in Blackwater, two years ago. I would like to ask your opinion about the origin of the Gros Ventres and the Crows. I notice that the scholars put them down as of Siouan origin, but, so far as the Crows are concerned, there are good many students among them (white men) who doubt this. I know very little about the Crow language, except in a general way, but have some knowledge of the Sioux, and there is certainly a vast difference between the two languages. I am aware that there are a few words in the Crow that bear a striking similarity to Sioux words, but the Crows are much intermarried with other tribes, and it would be small wonder if a few words crept into the language by way of corruption or by adoption. However, I do not wish to appear here as arguing the ques- tion. One in your position should be much better qualified to pass on the question. I would, therefore, like to know what you think about the origin of the Gros Ventres, with any brief comment or reasons for your opinion in the matter. I believe it is well settled that the Crows and the Gros Ventres were formerly the same people. Any information or opinion that you may care to give me regarding this matter of their origin will be appre- ciated. Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p011.jpg) Chicago ill Nov 15 1911 W Camp Sir i has Been quite a while Since i heard from u So i thought i wold write a few lines hoping your well as i am a Bout as usale how are you geting a long with that Book we have Bitter Cold and lots of Snow i wont make you tierd with a long leter. Please open when you have time from your friend ED Pigford Lock 3 Pa Box 42 ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p012.jpg) Miles City, Montana, Nov 16th 1911 Mr W M Camp Chicago Ill Dear Sir yours of the 14 Received and in answer will say i was glad To Hear from you and Hope To Hear from you often. Now about The Mail Carriers My Recolection of it is good. We came in The yellow storm River at Birford on the Evening of the last Day of May 1876 Larry Had His Head[--]at[--] on the Boat we Tied up at The Mouth of glendine Creek The next Day and all Wrote letters Home understanding that there would Be a mail sent Down the River and Either the 2nd or 3rd of June The Mail With Terrys Report Was Put in a Sack and loaded in ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p013.jpg) a small Boat in charge of sergent Fox and another Soldier and a young Man Whose Name was Resig[--] who was not a soldier But wished to go to Bismarck, all was Ready and the Boat with the mail and the 3 men was Pushed off about 75 feet above the Bow of the steamer and as the current was very strong the Boat went under the Bow of the Steamer the 2 Men Caught Hold of Ropes on the Bow of the Steamer and was Helped out but we never saw anything of Sergent Fox. We fished the mail out of the River. and the steamer was moved But we Could not find Fox. Yours Truly J M Sipes ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p014.jpg) 7740 Union Ave., Chicago, Ill., Nov. 19, 1911. Mr. E. D. Pigford, Box 42, Lock 3, pa. Dear Sir:— I have received your letter of 15th inst. and am pleased to learn that you are well\and still\interested in the history of the 7th Cavalry. I am doing something toward the gathering of the data of the his- tory all of the time, as I get opportunity. Being engaged in other work all the while, and working at the history only for leisure, of course it goes slow. I expect, in time, however, to produce a full and accurate history of the deeds of the 7th Cavalry, and to give credit to all of the men who fought with it, both officers and enlisted men. I have not seen any veterans of the 7th Cavalry for some time. Du- ring my summer vacation I visited the Indians and had talks with sever- al who fought against the government at Little Bighorn, in 1876. With best regards to you and your family, and always glad to hear from you, I remain Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p015.jpg) 7740 Union Ave., Nov. 19, 1911 Mr. Peter Thompson, Alzada, Mont. My Dear Mr. Thompson:— I was just about to write to you when your letter of 16th inst., written from Rapid City, arrived. I arrived home, from out of the city, two days after you had called up my house by telephone, and learned that you had passed through the city. I regret very much that I was away from home and missed seeing you. I am pleased to learn that you were in Washington and met so many of the survivors of the 7th Cavalry. I am well acquainted with all of the men you mention in your letter—Kipp, Mechling, Fox, and Mc Cue and Gen. Godfrey—except John Sinkens; I have never met him. I had not heard that Gen. Godfrey was to publish a book. Under separate cover I am mailing you a little book that he got up last summer, and Mrs. Custer, the widow of the General, published it and sent a thousand of them up to the Battlefield celebration. You may keep it, as I have another copy of it. I wished very much to be present at the 45th anniversary of the battle, last june 25, and was invited there by the committee to make an address, but, owing to the illness of my employer, was not able to leave my work. I did not get out West at all this year, but hope to be able to do so next summer, when I will aim to make an automobile trip, as I did last year and three years ago. Yes, I fully intend to write a book on the Indian wars of the West. It is the ambition of my life to do this. The last seven years has been a bad time to get historical books published, and right now the conditions in the publishing business are worse that ever. I know of manuscripts on western history that have been waiting two years in the hands of publishers who have refused to go ahead and publish until prices get lower. The printing unions are very strong, and they think they can hold on to war wages for a lifetime, but I think they will find themselves mistaken before a year or two, for many men of good judgment feel the we are only at the beginning of hard times. With regards to your family, as well as yourself, and always glad to hear from you, I remain Yours sincerely, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p016.jpg) These and a dozen more outstanding REO features combine to develop 50 H.P. at 2000 R. P. M. Why—if REO built nothing but motors this REO Six Motor would be the most featured and coveted unit in six cylinder passenger cars. Verily—it is "The Incomparable Six". What more could we do than put two universals on the Clutch shaft—two on the Drive shaft? Where is there a Clutch that is as efficient as or more expensive than our Multiple Disc type? 100 Drop Forgings—exactly 100—are found in this model. 16 Oversize Roller bearings—not skimpy, but oversize— put this NEW REO in the full jeweled class. You can't buy anything better than a Threaded Rubber Battery or Royal Cord Tires. Quality like this stands right out and we predict a stampede for this model just the minute the buying public are familiar with this Sterling Quality. We have designed a Top easily worth $35 to $50 more than any standard equipment top on the market. It is tailor-made and is a work of art. Tops are built nowadays to stay up and we have built ours to look the part and stand up. The new style Side Curtains fit like a glove making it a natty looking Closed Car in cold weather. There is nothing that we ever turned out that shows so much Value and Class. Check up the specification—note the many new and added features—and you will agree with us when we say it's the last word in a Touring Car and, like the Speed Wagon, without a rival and outrageously underpriced. Radiator to Tail Light, there is genuine 18 karat Quality and Value—through and through. Now then with this LIGHT SEVEN PASSENGER TOURING CAR— the new Closed Cars, Coupe and Sedan—Business Coupe—the improv- ed open Roadster at the old price—and the Mighty Speed Wagon dominating the hauling field, it's right up to you. Let us know please how strong you are with us. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p017.jpg) Fort Berthold Mission Under the auspices of the American Missionary Association, C. L. Hall, Missionary. Elbowoods, N. Dak., Nov 20 1911 Mr. W. M. Camp, Dear Sir:- Your concerns the Gros Ventres &Crows is at hand The Crows & Gros Ventres are arrives -. the language ofthe two tribes, while distinct, show so much similarity as to admit of no doubt as to their common origin. Then the purple transitions point to is alas You are correct in saying that the Crow language is very different from the Sioux. At the same time. The languages of the Crow, Gros Ventres, Mandan, are put together in the same way as the Siouix. Tho gramatical construction is similar, the particles, or abbreviated pronouns used to e[---] pirams in the verb are similar or the same, & used in the same way for example- G.V. he gives - ku - Sioux - ku a qu you " - daku I " maku - waqu The difference is only in consonantal sounds that tend to interchange. . The Gros make a causation by the ending ke-e'ke-ke. & canne to know - The Sioux make a causation by this ending -ye So on with the contructions . This grammatical construction has more significance than mere verbal coincidences - YoursTruly C. L Hall ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p018.jpg) Nov. 22, 1911. Sergt. Adam Fox, Santa Cruz, Cal. Dear Sir:— I have seen your article in the National Tribune|relative to operations against the Indians, with B Troop, 2nd Cavalry, in the sum- mer of 1874. I would like to ask if you were with this same troop in the summer of 1876, in Gen. Crook's campaigns|in the same part of the country. If so, can you tell me anything about the three enlisted men of the 7th Infantry who brought the message from Gen. Terry, who then was at the mouth of the Bighorn, on the Yellowstone. I understand that these three men arrived about the middle of July and soon after that some Crow Indians, on the same errand. Can you tell me how much later the Crows arrived, and how many there were of them? and can you tell me about the teamster whom Crook sent to Terry soon after the arrival of Terry's messengers, and what his name was? Any details about the arrival or departure of any of these messengers will be much appreciated. I believe Crook's command was at Camp Cloud Peak at that time. I will explain that I am writing a history of the Indian campaigns of the 7th Cavalry, together with contemporaneous events which involved other|regiments who were engaged against the Indians. Any information that you can give me to help make the history of these times complete will be thankfully received. Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p019.jpg) xxx xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx Auburn Park, June 20, 1911. Mr. W. Schindler, 118-120 Maiden Lane, New York City. Dear Sir:— Answering your postal card of 10th inst. I regret to have to say that the complete sets of Notes on Track are now out of print. There are, however, a few copies of Volume 1 left, which are worth $2.00 per copy. Volume 1 contains the first eight chapters of the book. Absence from the city explains my delay in answering. Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p020.jpg) Three privates of 7th Inf. who were selected from 12 volunteers & carried message from Terry & Crook James Bell["MH" handwritten] Benji H. Stuart William Evans["MH" handwritten] ^[ Co. 3, 7th Inf.] They set out on 9th July & reached camp on 12th Returned to camp on 25th These men subsequently granted medals by C[---] J. Now Rodenbaugh ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p021.jpg) [Crest image] OFFICE OF INTERNAL REVENUE AGENT ASHEVILLE DIVISION TREASURY DEPARTMENT INTERNAL REVENUE SERVICE ASHEVILLE, N.C. Hickory, N. C., Nov. 23rd 1911. Mr W. M. Camp, 774o Union Avenue, Chicago, Ill. Dear Camp:- I received your letter of the 19th instant, and glad to hear that you are getting along with your history so well. I am glad that you are following the Seventh Cavalry back into Kansas on the Washita. Answer for your question in regard to the Cheyennes Indians on Chadron Creek in New Braska, the fall of 1878, I will say that there was not one shot fired; the Commanding officer gave orders to the Indians that they would surrender, the next day after we surrounded them, - the time was ten o'clock for them to surrender, they did not surrender,- There was two pieces of artillery brought up from Fort Sherden, it was in the after noon when the artillery got up to us, it was placed out some dis- tance on xxxx a bluff pointed directly on the indians, when this was done, they surrendered without one shot being fired. They were in the bend of the Creek, and had dug out holes in the sand and banks, so that they could all be con[--]iled. After they surrender- ed they were taken to Fort Robinson and placed in the guard house,- As well as I remember there were 165 of them, so this left about 40 more of the Indians in the sand hills. My Company went along ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p022.jpg) -2- about half way with the Indians until we come to a Creek where C troup and G troup went into camp, and at this point, I was de- tailed with two privates, three days rations on a pack horse, with orders to go back to Chadron Creek, and up Chadron Creek through the sand hills up on the divide, - My orders were to see if I could see any sign or trail of these 40 Indians that were still at large. I made the trip and returned back to the troops without see- ing any trail of the Indians, camping one night, up in the sand hills. On my return back to the tropps, I passed fifteen of the xxx Sioux Indians, these Indians were all drunk,--There had been a wagon that was hauling supplies to Fort Sherdon that had three barrels of whiskey on it, and it seems as though these Indians had gotten their whiskey off of this wagon. When the Indians saw me approaching they went out and ran into the ponnies, as though they ment to fight I road on up and passed close by them and when pass- ing them, one of the Indians picked up his gun and walked out and met us and said, he was a good man? I said ho! ho! Coolo, wash ta,! and I kept riding on, -- After a few miles from these Indians I met the wagon coming in the direction of Sherdon and one of his barrels of whiskey had the head knocked out of it, and the whi key was slauching out, same as water in the barrel, of course you may know I got my canteen full,—The next day the two companies went into the sand hills, but we could not find the Indians, and I don't know when and where these Indians surrendered, or whether they ever did. I will be glad to hear from you at any time. Respectfully yours, D. A. Ka[---] ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p023.jpg) 129 Broadway Santa Cruz Brach Company Nov. 27th 1911 Mr. W. M. Camp— Dear Sir— I received your letter and in answer would say that I served in that same troop from 73 to 78—we were laying under Cloud Peak at Goose Creek when those men of the 7th In- fantry came with a message from Gen. Terry to our command but I cannot recall their names—The man Gen Crook sent back to Gen Terry was named Kelly, I knew him well, he was a very tall muscular fellow and was employed in the I. M. Dept. under Major Furey—I do not know of any Crow scouts coming to Crook's command after the Custer fight; I think Lieut. Bradley of the 7th Infantry if living could give you much information, he was the officer who reported the death of Custer and his command to Reno. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p024.jpg) 2 Santa Cruz Brach Company Crooks command had a fierce engagement on the Rosebud on Saturday June 17th with the same indians that on Sunday June 26th massacred Gen. Custer and his brave men, Crook and the re- mainder of the 7th Cav. and Terry's command met early in July on Rosebud Creek and both commands started for the Yellowstone—Gen. Miles went to Tongue river with the 5th Infantry and made a cantonement and we started on our horse-eating trip to the Black Hills In those days a soldier had to have "the heart of a lion and the stomach of a mouse." In the fight on the Rosebud with the same indians that 8 days later got the 7th Cav. There was a trap laid for us and had Crook's original plan been carried out to the letter our whole force of 1100 men would have been in the hostile village at noon, and in the light of after events it is not improbable that all of us would have settled there permanently 5000 able bodied warriors well-armed would have given Crook all the trouble he wanted if he had struck their village, "Fighting indians on the Plains in the 70's was not like the civil war for the soldier who falls wounded ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p025.jpg) 3 Santa Cruz Brach Company while battling against a civilized foe feels certain of receiving humane consideration if he falls in hostile hands, but our soldiers who were disabled in the Indian Campaigns had ever before them the terrors of fiendish torture and mutilation in case of capture by the savages"—I will be glad to give you any information I can but you know it is a number of years since those events happened and I have forgotten many names— Chas Reynolds Gen Custer's chief scout who was killed with him has a half-brother living in this city. Yours truly Adam Fox ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p026.jpg) Distance measured by odometer in 1867 from Phil Kearney to South Fork of Goose Creek was 12 1/2 miles = the Fetterman Massacre ground was several miles nearer— I shall look for a recent military map of that locality next time I am in the city. H. E. N. 11-28-11 Henry E. Noyes ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p027.jpg) Berkeley, Cal Nov 27 7- PM 1911 THIS SIDE OF CARD IS FOR ADDRESS ONLY W. M. Camp 7740 Union Ave Chicago, Ill ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p028.jpg) Berkley Cali Nov 28—1911. Mr W.M.Camp— Dear Sir, In answer to yours of 22 inst. I remember the site of the camp where we awaited the arrival of the 5th Cavy in 1876 very well. It was on the South (Little) fork of Goose Creek, and quite near where in debouches from the cañon thro' the foot hills: I should say about half a mile below that point: but I do not remember the bend, where the creek turns to the North. If I had a good map I could locate it easily. I cant say how far it was from the Fetterman Masscre ground. Very Truly Yours Henry E Noyes ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p029.jpg) H P James O & A 7 Cav Washington D. C. Nov. 30th. 1911. Mr. William Camp, 7740 Union Ave. Chicago, Ill. Sir: Your postal of Nov. 15th received. You have been missinformed of my being in Washington the day you spoke of. I left the city, Sept. 6th for Phila. stoping a few days in Baltimore, called at the Post Office and received your letter, from there to Phila, returned to Washington Oct 20th. I did not call upon David Mac. Leigh, neither did I see Sergeant Harrison. I visited Fairmount Park, talked with several of its Guards concerning Sergeant Harrison's articles which he has been contributing to the local ^paper [word inserted from above the sentence] of Phila pertaining to his miraculous escape from the Massacre. I showed them some [word inserted from above the sentence] of your letters to convince them that Sergeant Harrison was with his Troop (W) which was with Capt. Benteen's Battalion four miles from where Custer met his fate and knew absolutely nothing of the Massacre until June 27th (Tuesday) I suppose Mr. MacLeigh told you about his falsehoods that he has had published. Here is one of his many stories: Myself and a German (could not recall name) were sent back with dispatches from Custer to Reno which accounts for them not being killed. This ab- surd statement was published. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p030.jpg) 2 Also Mrs. Custer wrote to him requesting him to come to Monroe and take part in the unveiling of the "Custer Monument" An[--]is in his palmiest days could not beat Harrison telling falsehoods. William Sogue has been discharged from the "Government Insane Asylum" and is in the Soldier Home. I call to see him quite often he is the only man in the Home whom I am person- ally acquainted with. He was with me on the Hill, was one of "S" Troop's packers. We are the only two men in the District of Columbia that I know of who were packers. William Sogue told me you spoke to him about a note found in Lieutenant Cook's hand (Regimental Adjutant) after the massacres. There is what John Foley (K Troop) told me. I helped to bury the Adjutant. I noticed a piece of paper clinched his hand. I took it out read as follows: Whoever finds this note give it to Lieutenant Nolan (Regement Quartermaster) (left back at the "Rose Bud" with General Terry) "Lieutenant Nolan, you can have all my effects." John Foley told me this several times both officers were bachilors living in the same quarter where they messed. Foley gave the note to Nolan Seveson and William are very anxious to know when you will have your book ready for the Publisher. In fact I am very much interested in it. And any thing I can do towards its speedy publication I will cheerfully do so ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p031.jpg) 3 I have a "Pearsons Magazine" published eight years ago (Sept. Number). It contains an article writing by Cyrus Townsend Brady Entitled "The Last of Custer" It is illustrated with photographs of officers and Indians also maps showing the route to water from the Hill also Renos retreat. The names of the officers are as follows: General George Armstrong Custer Captain Mile W. Keogh (My Captain) " " Thomas B. Will (D) " " Thomas H. French (M) " " Thomas Mae Dougall (B) Lieutenant Godfrey (K) " " James Calhoun (S) " " Frank M. Gibson (H) " " James E. Porter (My first Lieut) " " Winfeld Scott Edgesly (L) " " James Crittenden (of the 2 [---] Inft) " " James S. Sturges (E) " " H. M. Harrington " " William Ian Reily (F) " " Mc. Intosh (G) " " B. Hodgson " " C. C. De Rudio Doctor Lord assistance Surgeon Indians: Sall War Chief Crow King Curley also my captain's horse "Comanche" Possibly this article would be of service to you to re-produce the pictures if so I will send you the magazine. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p032.jpg) 4 The writing of this "article" is not exactly correct concerning Major Reno, This is what he says; Reno was very much excited (he was not the only one excited) (had the units been there he would of been excited too.) "Reno lost his head." Should have charged the village. Should of come to Custer's relief. This command degenerated into a mob accusing him of cowardice etc. Had Reno charged the village he would of met the same fate as Custer. The writer never had any experience in Indian War fare. He is under the impression they fight like Soldiers not so Indians will not expose themselves if there is any chance for them to secreet themselves they can see you but you cannot see them. This has been my experience at the Nez Perce fight It is all right enough to "Charge" if you can see the enemy. The writer seems to have forgotten that a Court of Inquirie convened at Chicago shortly after the massacre to inquire into Major Reno's Conduct at the Battle of the "Little Big Horn." Military experts were sent to the scene of the massacre. The ground was gone over where Custer and Reno fought. The Court sustained Reno exhonorating him from all blame, that should settle the matter. The writer is what is known as a "Bar-Room General" "Invisible in war Invincible in Peace" Inclosed you will find an article to the "New York Times" "Unreliable." I would not take no Indian Testimony in the case. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F19_B1a_F20_p033.jpg) 5 No one will ever convince me that the Indians did not take prisoners and burnt them throwing their charred remains in the River in order to obliterate all evidence of their "fiendish crime" What became of the Officers and enlisted men who were missing? Some writers think they were lost in the quick sand this is entirely false. Lieutenant Porter's body never was found neither, was Lieut. Sturgis' body found. Is it not reasonable to suppose that the Indians captured some of Custers men and tortured them to death? The Indians pos- itively deny that they took any prisoners but I honestly and sincerely believe they did. Think of the fate of Thomas Custer and how they mutilated the dead is sufficient evidence that they would not hesitate a moment to burn their prisoners. I think I have said enough for this time. Hoping to hear from you when at leisure. Any information I can give you on the "Campaign" I will cheerfully do so. Very Respectfully, Henry Jones, Sale J Troop and "A." Seventh Cav. "General Delivey" Washington D. C. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p001.jpg) Dec. 1, 1911. Sergt. Adam Fox, 129 Broadway, Santa Cruz, Cal. Dear Sir:-- I have received your letter of Nov. 27, and the contents is interesting to me, especially as you have given me the family name of the teamster whom Crook sent to Terry with the message, namely Kelly. The Lieut. Bradley, who commanded the Crow scouts under Gen. Gibbon and who was the first white man to see the bodies of Gen. Custer's com- mand, and of whom you speak in your letter, was killed in 1877, at the battle of Big Hole, fighting the Nez Perce Indians. I have been on the ground where you had the fight with the Sioux and Cheyenne Indians, at the headwaters of the Rosebud, June 17, 1876. That country is now well settled up with farmers. I have also been down the canyon of the Rosebud, where they had a trap laid for you, as you say. The same Cheyennes who fought you there on that day now live in that canyon of the Rosebud. It is part of the Northern Cheyenne reservation, Twenty four miles down the Rosebud from where you fought that battle there now stands a three-story brick school house for teaching the young Cheyennes how to till the soil and handle farming machinery. This sxxx school house is on the identical ground where Custer made his last camp on the Rosebud, xx the evening before the battle of Little Bighorn. Can you tell me the name of the\half brother of Charlie Reynolds, living in your city? Can you also tell me the full name of the man Kelly whom Crook sent with the message to Terry, or where he came from, or what became of him? Thanking you again for any information that you can give me, I am Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p002.jpg) Colony Oklahoma Dec 2nd 1911 W. M. Camp Dear Sir Your letter to me was mis- sent to my son who lives in S. Dak I was talking. with Jack Stillwell as I knew him well before F[---]ysh fight on Beecher Island. he wanted to know what Medicine Man that was in that fight that more Panther skin, over his shoulders I told him it was Bad Heart or Big Billy Wolf, Jack Stillwell told me he did not think Bad Heart knew that they were under the [-]unk as Bad Heart rode past near over them, and he and Other Man both took good shot at him he was ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p003.jpg) right Bad heart. told me that he did not know they were there under the cover of high grass and under the bank until he rode so close to them, as to see their faces next time Bad heart told me ran through there he went between Jack Stillwall and the Troops Bad Heart was Medicine Man and brave man in battles. of course he did not have great name as Roman Nose. I have had several letters from different parties asking me if Roman Nose was Chief. he wasn'tor never was chief. he was great warrior was brave man in battle Repectfully George Berk ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p004.jpg) Miles City Mont Dec 4th -11 W M Camp Chicago Ill Dear Sir yours of Nov 21st Received in due time and in answer will say after you made mention of it i Remember that Terry Came on the steamer at Pander River and it was after we dropped back to glendine Creek that Fox was drowned. Glendine Creek and Stanleys Crossing are the same place it is where Stanley Crossed the yellowstone River i think in 1873. He left some wagons ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p005.jpg) There and parts of them were still there when we got there in 1876. i dont understand how Captian Marsh got mixed up so bad that he thought it was at the Rosebud that Fox was drowned i think i and the captian talked about it before his book went to the Bublishers and he knew it was at Glendine Creek or Stanleys Crossing Miles Hanson must have made the mistake. i saw a man today by the name of Smith who was either a Packer or a Teamster with Custer as for as Powder River we called him Baldy Smith. and i thought ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p006.jpg) you asked me some time ago about a man by that name i am not sure but if you did and want to know more about him let me know. Yours Truly J M Siper ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p007.jpg) 7740 Union Ave., Chicago, Ill., Dec.10,1911 Mr. George Bent, Colony, Okla. Dear Sir:-- I thank you for your letter of 2nd inst. giving me informa- tion about the medicine man at the battle of Beecher's Island, in 1868. I do not understand whether Bad Heart and Big Belly Wolf were the same man or two different medicine men. Will you please set me right about this? I also wish to ask some more questions:-- (1) Who led the first charge on the island? Was it Bad Heart or was it Roman Nose? In which of the charges was Roman Nose killed? (2) Was there a medicine man there named Medicine Arrow? (3) What was Bad Heart's name in the Indian language? Information on these matters will be much appreciated. Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p008.jpg) Colony Oklahoma Dec 13th 1911 W. M. Camp Dear Sir Bad Heart and Big Belly Wolf. is same person. Bad Heart when he was boy was called Big Belly Wolf. and after he got to be Warrior and Medicine Man was named Bad Heart. Starving Elk Cheyenne Indian and About 20 Sioux Indians first made charge on Forsyth at day light. Just as. Forsyth and his men were ready to start out when Forsyth's men reconveneed to fire at this party of Indians. than the other Indians commenced to charge to where. the firing was. Forsyth* and his men than crossed over to Beecher ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p009.jpg) Island. After he got over, and commenced to throw up heart works Indians commenced to charge from every direction, towards the soldiers about one hour after this Bad Hart made that charge. Roman Hose did not come up with these charges and was Killed some time afterwards. he did not take any part in fight. until he started to ride towards the Troops and was shot Yours Respectfully George Beut ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p010.jpg) This is my grand daughter A.G. APPENZELLER JAKE GEORGE MILES CITY CAB COMPANY Office: 616 MAIN STREET PHONE 514 CALLS ANSWERED DAY AND NIGHT "BABE" APPENZELLER MILES CITY, MONT., Dec 14th 1911 Mr W M Camp Chicago Ill Dear Sir your letter of the 11th received and in answer will say i had a talk with Baldy Smith and He Dont Seem to Remember But little about the custer ant[--] i think He was a Teamster with the granger wagon train. Now about the location of the Powder River Camp as i remember it The Camp was about 400 yards Below the mouth of the Powder on the Banks of the yellowstone and today i talked with James Coleman who was with Capt John Smith The Settler and He says i am Right about the Location of the Camp. i don't know Bawldy Smith's initials His postoffice in Ekilaks Mont. Perhaps i will go To Terry Before long and if so i will go To the Powder River and when there i can get the Distance of the 1876 Camp from the Mouth of the Powder. But i am Satisfied i am about Right. yours truly J M Sipes ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p011.jpg) 7740 Union Ave., Chicago, Ill., Dec.16,1911. Mr. J. M. Sipes, Miles City, Mont. Dear Sir:-- I have received your letter of 14th last. and thank you for the information in reference to the Powder River camp; also for the pic- ture of your grand-daughter. She looks like her grand-father. The army records have something to say about "Pellows Claim,Mouth of the Powder River." If you do not already know, you might enquire who this man Pellow was, what became of him, and what his full name was--- when you go down to Terry. The records show that, after the Steamer Far West dropped back to Glendive creek, it took D Comapny, 6th Infantry, on board, June 12,1876 and landed this comapny at Pellow's Claim, Mouth of the Powder river, on June 14. The next day, namely, June 15, Custer and six comapnies of the 7th Cavalry left the Powder River camp and started up the Yellowstone. Reno and the other six companies had already left, some five days before that, on his scout from the Powder over to the Rosebud, via. the inter- ior, as you will remember. Would there be a record of the Section and Township numbers of this claim|of Pellow's at some office in Montana? and where would you advise me to write for such information? Thanking you for the patience you have exhibited with me thus far, by your careful answers to so many of my questions, I remain Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p012.jpg) Dec.16,1911. Lt. Col. Jacob G. Galbraith, Ft. Bliss, Texas. Dear Sir:-- I am writing a history of the Indian campaigns of the 7th U. S. Cavalry, on which I have been engaged a longgtime. In this connect- ion I would like to make some inquiries regarding the erection of the markers that show the positions of the dead bodies on the Custer bat- tlefield, on Montana. I am told that these were put up during the latter part of 1890, and that you were probably the post Quartermaster at Ft. Custer at that time and very likely had charge of the work of erection. If you were in position to have had knowledge of the work referred to, could you give me any of the particulars? such, for instance, as the means of identifying the spot where each body had been found after the battle(had a stake been driven in each case to mark the place during the intervening 14 years?); were there markers for the men killed with Reno in the bottom? and were the same erected there? This is now a tilled field, and only one marker stands, that one being for Lieut. Mc Intosh, but I have been told that markers were sent for all of the killed, those killed in Reno's battle as well as in Custer's battle. Any information that you can givemme touching these questions or facts relating to the battlefield at this time, in other respects, that you may think will be of historical interest, will be thankfully received Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p013.jpg) Camp of the Fourth Cavalry Near Fort Bliss Texas December 18, 1911. WM Camp, Author, 7740 Union Ave., Chicago. Dear Sir: In October, 1890, I left Fort Custer, Montana, and went to Davenport, Iowa, on recruiting duty. Up to the time of my departure, I am not aware that any steps were taken for making the locations of the killed belonging to Reno's command. The locations of the bodies of those killed under the immediate command of Custer were traceable by the appearance of the grass. The moldering bones fertilized the soil; they lay not far beneath the surface of the ground; and during the long, dry summer of that year (1890) patches of grass, green by contrast with the generally sunbaked landscape, marked the places where the corpses were. These streaks of green were about the length of the decaying skeletons. My recollection is that the number of locations thus determined was about 260, corresponding closely with the number killed in action. Yours Truly Jacob G. Galbraith ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p014.jpg) Piqua Ohio Dec. 19. 1911 My Dear Friend Mr. W. M. Camp Sir yours of the 17th inst. is recived and hasten to answer in the first place to assure you that am well and all right. What you want to know I know but little about for I was not with the at the time at Crow Agency. for I was left back at Fort Keogh in charge of Troop property. I know but very little about what happened there Nov. 5th 1887 anymore then troop A. stationed at Fort Keoh on Yellowstone then Head C[--]s. 5th Infantry. Capt. Moylan with 50 men of the Troop an 20 Lieut John. A. Harman made a force to Fort Custer for the seen of disturbance, at Crow Agency. Troop H. 9th Cav Colond with Capt. Demmick in Command also made a force march ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p015.jpg) from Fort McKinney. Wy. Fort Custer then was Garrisoned by the 1st Cav. Col. Dudley in command Lieut Col. Arnold. 1st cav. commanded The Troops in the skirmish at crow agency, cence col Dudley & Arnold Deceased, Moylan is also Dead. Lieut Fuller. at that time was in West Point instructor of Matemché. I can not at the present locate any inlisted form my troop that was there. There was a fight There and in The skirmish Chief Sword berrer was kill. he was better known as chief Wrap up his Tail. The Crow Agency then was not where it is now it was somewhere nearer Frot. Custer. The Army Derectory for Officers shows Brig. Genl. Eugene D. Dimmick retired and address as late as June 20th last The Cairo Washington D.C. if you will write to him for your infor mation you dissire. you will find him glad to help you ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p016.jpg) or if you know of any officer or inlisted of the 1st Cavalry that was stationed there at the time at Fort Custer from 1886 to 1890. Try and reach them. I have found the new writings of Genl Miles. in Cosmopolin his writings on the Custer's Defeet is immaginary on a Millitary stand point he does not not give credit enough to and brave men. That was with Reno and Bentern, I was quite interested in his campaign an capture of the Nez Pereus the Pictures an ingraveing of Chief Joseph with Capt. Hall & Lieut Biddle were good So all at present hoping to here from you soon again it is not Likley that I will have the accation to write again before the Holiday so wishing you and family a happy and Merry Christmas as ever Truly yours Stanislap Roy ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p017.jpg) Miles City Mont Dec 20th—11 W M Camp Chicago Ill Dear Sir your letter of the 16th Received and in answer will say. i Dont Remember any Ranch at or near the mouth of Powder River up To July 1876 Not Even a Hunter or Sqwaw man. This man Pellows may Have Been with the granger Waggon Train that came from Bismarck and far as Powder River and later Squatted on land there. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p018.jpg) i will Enclose The address of a man that was with the Same outfit--and perhaps he can tell you who this man Pellows was and if He settled There. (Alonzo McNeill, Atkinson, N.H.) The First Survey in the Powder River Country was made by E. C. Towne in the year 1881 approved March 13th 1884 First claim filed on By Je[---]ir M Robinson just accrost the yellow Stone from the mouth of the Powder. But never Prooved [--] on. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p019.jpg) There was a soldier By the name of Richard Bellows came up with the 5th Infantry in August 1876 that was Detailed to Run a ferry at what was knowen at that time as ferry Point. Just where that was i Dont know if you think He mite Be the man Pellows and that there is a mistake in the name i can See Him as He is in the Poor House near Miles City. i Think if you write Mr McNeill He will answer your letter Just tell Him i gave you His address Yours Truly J M Sipes ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p020.jpg) Dec. 22, 1911. Lieut. Col. Jacob G. Galbraith, Ft. Bliss, Texas. Dear Sir:— I have received your interesting letter of 18th inst. in- forming me that, up to October, 1890, when you left Ft. Custer, the lo- cations|of the killed in the Reno command, at the Little Bighorn, had not been marked; and also giving me details as to the marking of the graves of those killed with Gen. Custer. I thank you for this information. Some years ago,Col. (now Brig. Gen.) W.W.Robinson, Jr., told me that when he visited the site|of the Custer battlefield, in 1881, the rank growth of vegetation due to the increased fertility of the soil where the bodies had lain, was quite noticeable. Your statement that the same thing was the means of identifying the locations of the graves when the markers were put up is equally interesting, as a matter of history. May I ask you concerning just two things in this connection? Although your letter does not say so definitely, yet I infer from it that you had charge of putting up the markers for those killed with Custer. If I am not right about this will you please correct me. Could you also tell me in what month during 1890 these markers were erected? The annual report of the Quartermaster General simply states that they were erected during the fiscal year ending June 30, 1891. From this source and your letter it would therefore seem that they must have been put up some time between June and October, 1890. Information regarding these two matters will be thankfully received Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p021.jpg) Dec. 24, 1911. Mr. Henry P. Jones, General Delivery, Washington, D.C. Dear Sir:— I have received your letter of Nov. 30 and have read its con- tents with interest. I have not yet seen any of the articles that have been published from interviews with Sergt. Harrison, of Philadelphia. Several years ago I had a long talk with him and he said nothing to me about carrying a message from Custer to Reno. As near as I can find out, Custer sent no one with a message to Reno, although he did send messages to both Mc Dougall and Benteen, xxx after he (Custer) came in sight of the river. Have you ever satisfied yourself as to just where Custer was when he sent the messenger back to Benteen? I have a copy of the Pearson's Magazine to which you refer in your letter. About three years ago John Foley, of K Troop, told me essentially the same story about the finding of the note in Lieut. Cook's hand that you write in your letter. The only variation from your story is that h he told me Lieut. Nowlan was standing by when he took the note out of the dead officer's hand, and he handed it to Nowlan without reading it. I have seen several officers of the regiment who were there when the dead were buried, and they tell me they never heard of that note in Cook's hand before I mentioned the subject to them. Can it be that Now- lan could have received that note and never told any of the officers about it? I suppose you know that there is a scout living in Washington who was with you on the hill June 25 and 26, 1876. His name is WilliamJ. Bailey. In 1876 he went by the name of William Baker. He is a white m man, but has always had squaws for wives. He was around Ft. Lincoln some years before the Little Bighorn battle, so I am told. Do you rem- ember him on the hill, June 25 and 26? I have talked with him. You can find his name in the city directory. Look him up and go see him if you remember him. He will probably be glad to see you. I think he is on K street, S.E., but am not certain. He tells all about the fight. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p022.jpg) Out at the Soldiers' Home there is a Sergeant Fox who was with D Company in the Little Bighorn fight. He was in the same troop as Sergt. Harrison. Have you ever talked with this man Fox? He seems to have a very good memory. I think as you do about Reno charging the village. I think Reno went plenty far enough in the direction of the village. De Rudio, who was an enemy of Reno's, said also that Reno advanced far enough down the valley, and De Rudio ought to know, for he was with Reno in that part of the fight. I have been on the Little Bighorn from the mountains all the way to where the battle was fought, and I have yet to see the first quick- sand in it. I have heard a good deal about men getting mired in the quicksand and being swallowed up. The river is all gravel bottom op- posite the point where Custer's battle was fought. I thank you for the clipping about at [---] [---] I have seen the old man personally. As to his stories about the Little Bighorn fight, I have seen five of them that have been published during the past 20 years, all purporting to have been told by the same man, and all differ- ent. In your letter you speak of the fight with the Nez Perces. I would like to know if you were in A Company in the fight at the Bear's Paw. If so, can you tell me how so many officers came to be killed and wound- ed. Two commissioned officers were killed and two more wounded, and all three of the first sergeants of the 7th Cavalry were killed. Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p023.jpg) Dec. 24, 1911. Mr. Daniel A. Knipe, Marion, N.C. Friend Knipe:— When I was on my trip up the Rosebud, in 1910, I was un- fortunate in not having the notes of Lieut. Wallace, which I have dis- covered since that time. Wallace was the engineer officer for Custer, as you probably remember. Wallace's notes give a pretty good idea where the camps were made on the night of June 22 and 24, but they give no clue to where you camp- on the Rosebud on the night of June 23. I wonder if you can recall anything about the landmarks near any of these camps. Concerning the camp on the night of June 22, the first night out, do you remember camping under a bluff on the west side of the Rosebud? If so, do you remember another bluff near the one where the camp was, and was this other bluff north or south of the one where the camp was? The reason I ask this question is that at the proper distance, as noted by wallace there are two bluffs about 1/2 mile apart. Wallace says the camp was under a bluff that night, but does not say which one. Both are west of the Rosebud and right near it. He then says that when the command marched at 5 a.m. on June 23 it crossed the Rosebud five times in three miles, the stream was so crooked. Do you remember any landmark at all near the camp on the night of June 23? What do you remember about the landscape around the camp that you made at 5 p.m. of the 24th, or the evening before the battle? I wonder if you will be on hand in Chicago when it comes time to nominate another candidate for the Republican party for president, next summer? (over) ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p024.jpg) In all that you have eveer|told me about the battle of the Little Bighorn there has been only one thing that has bothered me, and that was in reference to the dead man and the horse found in the village, near Ford B. Only one other man (Jim Rooney) remembered seeing a dead body of a soldier in the village, and he said it was about 1/2 mile far- ther down stream than where you said you saw it. In fact, there were so many who disputed that any dedd body was found in the village at all that I was afraid I was going to have trouble to verify your statement, and still I never, for once, doubted your word. I now have very good corroboration of your story. I lately ran across an article written by Maj. Brisbin, who commanded the four troops of the 2nd Cavalry, under Gen. Gibbon,when they came in with Gen. Terry, on the 27th. Brisbin says that in the part of the village opposite where the Custer battle was fought there was a dead cavalry horse and a dead cavalry soldier near the horse. His statement is clear, and it was written only a few days after the fight. I want you to know, therefore, that I have this proof about the dead soldier in the village. With a merry Christmas to you and yourrfamily, I remain Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p025.jpg) Questions. [Enclosure? Camp to Kanipe 24 Dec 1911] Questions. 1.--Tell me again the color of C Company's horses in 1876. You have told this to me once, but I cannot find it in my notes. 2.--Were Charley Reynolds and the Negro Isaiah both along when you went to Standing Rock and Captured Rain-in-the-Face? 3.--On the Little Bighorn expedition, in 1876, did any of the xxx wear plaid underclothing? or xdid any one whom you can remember wear a plaid suit of clothes? 4.--I shall always welcome any further information that you may be able to think of regarding the appeaance of the place where you camped on the night of June,23,1876, on the Rosebud. Answer to Question No. 1.: The color of C Company's horses in 1876 was sorrell. Answer to Question No. 2: Charlie Reynolds was with us at Standing Rock the day Rain In the Face was captured, but I don't think that the negro Isaiah was along. Answer to Question No. 3: I remember that Sergeant Bobo, my First Sergeant, wore a plain white undershirt and if any of the soldiers wore plaid suits of clothing, I don't remember it. Answer to Question No. 4: The place where we camped on the Rosebud the night of June 23d was on the left hand side as we were going up the stream, and at this place the valley spreads out very broad, and I don't remember any bluffs by which I can designate the place any better. In answer to the two Rees Indians that told you they found a sol- dier with his horse down and kicking him, I will say those two Indians could have passed me very easily as I left the Custer trail a little before I got back to the place where we were corralled afterwards. As you know, I told you I went straight across the country to the pack train, and that's bound to be the place where they passed me. I shall be glad to hear from you at any time. Yours respectfully, Daniel A. Knipe ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p026.jpg) W. M. Camp TELEPHONE NORMAL 1466 Author HISTORY OF THE 7TH U. S. CAVALRY 7740 UNION AVE., CHICAGO, Jan. 3, 1912 Gen. Fred D. Grant, Governors Island, N. Y. Dear Sir:-- You will recall a discussion that we had of the Custer bat- tlefield when you were located here in Chicago. At that time you gave me some information about the graves of some of those killed in the battle that is pertinent to the history of the same, but could not then recall just the year when you first visited the locality and saw these graves. Could you at this time say in what year you visited the place? The time when Gen. Miles visited the battlefield, with a party of officers and civilians, was in the summer of 1878, just two years after the bat- tle. I have thought that possibly you were with that party. Any fur- ther information that you can give me regarding this matter will be ap- preciated. Yours truly, W. M. Camp. I was not with General Miles when he visited the battle field, but the time I visited the field was 1878. Yours very truly Frederick D. Grant ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p027.jpg) JOS F. SPAINHOUR. JNO. M MULL. SPAINHOUR & MULL, ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW, FIRST NATIONAL BANK BUILDING, MORGANTON, N. C. Jan, 12, 1912. Mr. W. M. Camp, Chicago Ill. Dear Sir:— Your letter rec'd in due time and noted. In answer to your questions beg to say; That I remember Lieutenant Wallace as being the Engineer officer for Gen. Custer in 1876. As you know we left the mouth of the Rose Bud on June 22, 1876. We marched up the Rose Bud on the East side. Just before we went in camp we crossed to the West Side of the Rose Bud, and camped at the foot of a bluff near the Rose Bud. There was a seond bluff but it was farther from the creek and farther up the creek. These bluffs were something like a mile apart. On leaving camp on the 23, we crossed the Rose Bud I remember as often as three times but cannot say whether we crossed oftener than that or not. On the night of the 23, I remember we camped on the East side of the Rose Bud. I recall no special land marks, it was an open prairie with a little timber along the creek. We went into camp about 5 oclock on the evening of the 24, on the East side of the creek, though we had traveled most of the time on the West side. It was level on the East but raised or table land on the West. At ten oclock at night on the 24, we broke camp and re-crossed the Rose Bud where we had crossed it in the evening and went in the direction of the divide between the Rose Bud and the Little Big Horn. On the 24, Gen halted his command for something like an hour or more ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p028.jpg) JOS. F. SPAINHOUR. JNO. M. MULL. SPAINHOUR & MULL, ATTORNEYS-AT-LAW, FIRST NATIONAL BANK BUILDING, MORGANTON, N. C. for rest and refreshments. I remember that we made coffee. I am very glad indeed to know that you have found coroberative evidence as to the dead horse and dead soldier in the vilage. I expect to be in Chicago to help nominate the next president. Will be glad to hear from you at any time and to give any further information that I may have. With High Esteem nd best Wishes, I Am, Tryly Yours. Daniel A Knipe ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p029.jpg) [Column 1] Daniel Newal a blacksmith of "M." Troop was discharged at the same time we were the only two dis- charged at that time. I was with "A" Troop in the Nez Perce fight. The fight commenced Sept 3 [--] 1899 and lasted until Oct 5th, when Chief Joseph surrendered. The following Officers and noncommissioned were killed Capt Hale, Lieut Biddl, the remainder of the officers were more or less wounded, with the exception of Lieut Eckerson of "L" Troops, three first sergeants were [-]azd Sergeant Mae, Dermot ("A") Sergeant Martin "L." the First Sergeant of "K" Troop I think his name was Mildy or a name similar in fact I never could think of his name. As for the privats I do not recollect how many were killed and wounded this I do know that the Seventh Cav suffered the most. General Mill was in command he had five companies of his own Regiment (Fifth Trust) mounded, four co- mpanies of the Second Cav. (lost one man) in during off the horse. The JM Tuft. was not in the charge on the village and did not get up for fully one hour. Gen Mils was with our battalion. The Nez Perce were camped in a ravine when we made the charge, they were concealed we could not see them. The bank was too steep fro the horses, where we tried to charge, we were obliged to fall back deploy as skirmishes on foot. The deadly rally poured into us at the time of the charge accounts for the heavy loss. (Left Hand Margin) Gen Mils had the Nez Perce surrounded and cut off from water. They fought well (Left Hand Margin) Any further information you want (Left Hand Margin) about the Nez Perce campaign I will (Left Hand Margin) cheerfully give if I can (Left Hand Margin) Please let me know how you are getting (Left Hand Margin) along with your history [Second Column] Washington D. C. Jan 20th 1912 Mr. W. M. Camp. 7740 Union Ave. Chicago Ill. Sir: Your letter of Jan. 22nd received also one of Dec. 28th. In reply to your question as to just where Custer was when he sent the messenger to Benteen I have not the least idea. There were two messages sent from Custer's battalion, if I am not mistaken one was written by Lieut. Cook the Adjutant to Benteen I was informed it was as follows: "Benteen hurry up packs by village big thing." I cannot say if t[---]etes Martime of "H." Troop who was orderly with Custer brought the message or Sergeant Knipe (or a name similar) of "C" Troop. The sergeant brought a message but who it was from or who it was addressed to is a question I cannot answer. I have been informed that Martime is dead. He was on the retired list, served thirty years in the artillery most of the time stationed at Fort Mc. Henry Baltimore Md. He has a son in the artillery, he was stationed at the aboved named place. I saw him a year ago. [The following is written (sideways) in left margin next to the first paragraph] Please let me know how you are getting a long with your History. [The following is written (sideways) in left margin next to the second paragraph]
Any further information you want
about the Nez Perce campaign I will cheerfully give if I can ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p030.jpg) [Column 1] (In Left Hand Margin) Cheif Joseph conversed with Gen. Miles in very good "English" In regard to the scout you mention whose name is William J. Bailey alias Wm. Bolden claiming to have been a scout and was on the hill is a scout I never heard of. I was stantioned at For Totten ("Devil's Sake") Dakota Fort Lincoln in the Summer of 1875 also up until the time we started on the Campaign (May 1876) at that time I belonged to Copl Reogh's Troop ("I") Was at Fort Lincoln the Winter of 1879 was then in "A." Troop Copl. Maylom I never heard of this man's name mentioned, however I will look him up this I can tell in a very few mimnutes if we was on the expedition In regard to Sergeant Fox, he joined "D." Troop Oct 1985 at Fort Lincoln I spoke to him on several occasions I [---] can not [---] say that I am per- sonally acquainted with him. He is in charge of the men who violates the rules of the Home, they are sentenced by the Governor to perform light work for the period of 30 days or more, then was consists of picking up loose paper, keeping the mont clean etc they are in one sense of the word prisoners and quartered in the "Guard House" In regard to the Nez Perce and the fight at the "Bear's Paw" Mountain I was with my Troop ("A") If you recollect I informed you in one of my letters that I enlisted at Child C[---] [Column 2] (In Left Hand Margin of Second Page) Chief Joseph came into our lines Oct 3rd I think under flag of truce and had a party with Miles, Leiut Jerome of the Seventh Cav. was in the Indian Court during the parley to make sure that nothing would happen to Chief Joseph Oct 8th 1873 joined "I" Troop on or about Oct 24th the same year as Fort Totten ("Devils Sake") Dakota "I" and "L." had been on the "Northern Boundary Survey" the Summer of 1873 Major Reno in command they had just came in off the expeditionwhen the detachment of recruits arrived at the "Port" The Summer of 1874 "I" and "L" were ordered out again on the same mission Major Reno in Command. I was with my Troop. In the winter of 1874 the following Troops were at Fort Tolten "L" and "I" Troop's seventh Cav "E". Co 20th Inft. F.C. 20th Inft Leiut Col Hunt of the 20th Inft in command of Port In May 1875 "I" and "L" were ordered to Fort Lincoln Custer was not in command of the Port at the time we arrived there was an Infantry Officer in command his name I do not recollect. In 1876 (May) we left Fort Lincoln on the Sioux campaign I was derailed on a company pack Sergeant DeLacy in charge returned off the campaign Sept. Now for "A" Troop; I have [-]ered to this Troop Sept 30th 1876 with a man by the name of Culbesson (since dead) I had at that time twenty five month to serve which I served in "A" Troop until Oct 1878 when I was dicharged at Camp Ruland Black Hills Dakota in consequence of experation of Survey ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p031.jpg) J L Segaré WILLOW BUNCH, SASK., March 26 1912 Mr. W.M Camp Author DEar Sir. I Receive your letter of Dec 18—The raison of not answering--is that on Dec 19--I fell very sick—not able to urinate for 42 days I had Doctor to help me to pis—I have been suffering Great Deal But Since about 50 days. I got some better slowley--so now I dont feel too bad. That I Can Right. You are asking about Nez Percé coming to Willow Bunch in 1877--When they came across the Boundary. on Fraudman Creek--they had to stay. because they had many wounded, cut Arm & Leg--so they came only few on horse back late in the face—to get some thing in the store. But this Camp. Stay away. till 1878—2 Naver sow many of them Nez Percé 10 or 12 Lodges--never misc ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p032.jpg) much with the other Indians, The Chief White Bird turn back slowley in 1878 or 1879 - only one man was left as W. Bench with the Liton a man name Step he had only one arm - one arm and Both legs. Where Cut by the Balls - of Sordier passing them at Milk River, he was walking on his knees - Step is the only one who came to Buford with one with the party of Sitting Bull in my last trip in July. The Nez perce did not stay more than 2 years I believe - they did not like much the Litons, they had their camp away from the other. As per Rail Road the nearest is 26 miles East of here. Ben[---] on the C. N. R. and the other C. P. R. will be nearer during the Runner may be 12 miles North of this place as they prepare to work Early this Spring on C. P. B. I will be please to see you. Hoping to be well as that. Wishing you my best Respect J. L. Legáré ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p033.jpg) Ben Clark Fort Reno, OK. April 2, 1912 Mr Camp, Dear Sir- I am glad to hear from you again and also from Yellow Bull & the Nez Perces. Your informant is right as to "Morning Star" On further inquiry I find that the word "Vo-he-hir" is used for Morning Star though I cant ger ot explain the "he_hir" part. Vo is from Vone_Morning_ There is or was an old Cheyenne named "Wo pu Wik is" Cheyenne for star is "ho tochke" - the o in 2nd syllable is long & the ch is gutteral . We have had a very disagreeable winter here though of course was so cold as at Chicago. Col. Scott wrote me a short while ago from San Antonio, he is Colonel of the 3rd Cavalry. Hoping to hear from you again, Very truly yours,. Ben Clark ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p034.jpg) Piqua Ohio April 3rd 1912 Dear Friend Mr. W. M. Camp Sir Your letter of yesterday is kindly received and was again glad to here from you. be pleased to know that I am well, and I am glad the long winter day are over and changing to warmer weather I have known Major Romeyn he was Stationed at Fort Keogh where Troop A. 7 Cav. was there 86x87. I do not understand how he can Materily change much about the Nez— Perece ingagement unless he can ad more to it then has already bin sayed. Genl Miles report I think good are officialy, you know I was not in the charge the 1st days fight but it cant hardly be disputed that all the men killid and wounded lay on the ridge from where I had marcked on my skethc X to two dots near the entrenchments of the Indians some of the men was killed or wounded in the lower ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p035.jpg) ground. Their horses carried them down the bank. hoping to again here from you on this subject. I will also ask you if you can give me any enlightenment on an [---] that I coppied in Army & Navy. Journal which an a man suks information. I will give it to you just as got it. J.W. Burckett late Sergeant Trooop I. 7th Cavalry. Seeks the address of any soldier of the 7th Cav. of 1877. who was in Troop I, at the little big Horn M.T. when the remains of Genl. Custer an other officers were taken up Pacific Grove Cal. I would very much like to write to him, but I dont know that I. Troop was the one done the duty. if they did it surely was not 1877. Can you tell me if you know what Troops done the duty. And in your long list of 7th Cav names have you J.W. Burckett. I will send for derectory about 1st of May I have very poor surculation in my right arm cence my opporation so please inferior writing With best wishes. I am as ever yours Stanislas Roy ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p036.jpg) Piqua Ohio April 10 1912 Mr,, W. MCamp Dear Sir in order to give you a more approximate deail of the Nash Clifton and Newman Censation in the 7th Cav. in 1878. an for better data,, I have hunted up Mrs. Custer Book boots & Saddles where she write in a modest way consider able about it if the book is in your reach look up page 197. To 202. now to tell you what I remember of the misterious affair. I knew Newman well he being a Private in Troop L. 7 Cav. and was with his Troop in 1878. The Regiments that fall helped to corral the southern Chyannes Near Fort Robison No[--],, but it was very late in the fall when we got back to Fort 'A. Lincoln for winter quarters. but the news of Nash Death had already reached the Reg_ and of the discovry of his sex exsposed in a few day. after the return of the Regiment ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p037.jpg) Newman killed himself with his own Carbine in Troop L. Stables. Newman was the 3rd husband of the supposed Mrs. Nash. Her first hysband name was Nash. and married the Mexican in Kentucky sometime in 1871 but disserted the 2nd husband was a Sergeant name of Clifton of Troop F. 7. Cav. he also dissented taking all the money Nash had I cannot re memeber how long Newman lived with Nash The Death and Exposer of Mrs. Newman at the time was a supprise to everybody in the Reg. for she had bin a laundress in the Reg. 7 or 8 years, She was a good woman Nurse, and understood miwifery and made good money. This is all that I can tell today an I am always glad to help you. I do not know if there was anything else on your card the other day for I dont believe that I read it all before I placed it in the Toren pocket. I remain as ever yours Stanislas Roy ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p038.jpg) April 13, 1912. Mr. W. L. Darling Chief Engineer, N. P. Ry., St. Paul, Minn. Dear Sir:-- May I impose upon your good nature to enquire for some information that has to do with neither railroad business\nor trade journalism? Can you, without too much inconvenience, give me, from your right-of-way records, the legal description of the site of the plate girder bridge over the Rosebud creek, about a mile west of the town of Rosebud, Mont. I would like, if possible, the 1/4 of the Quar- ter Section, Township, etc.; also the distance of this structure west of Rosebud station. This structure is at the mouth of the Rosebud, which is a point of considerable historic interest in connection with some private studies in this line that I have been making for some years past. It is for this purpose that I am seeking the information asked, and any data that you can give me will be appreciated. Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p039.jpg) Ft. Wayne, Apr. 14th 1912 My Dear Mr. Camp. Yours of yesterday is just read, & contents noted. No. I can't reconcile the find of horse &carbine with any "Rosebud" location. I have thought over the points of this matter many times since our former "talks": the scene of this find is as clear in my mental vision as though it were left but yesterday - the trail toward this belt of timber showing above the sage brush, the halt near the timber (100-125 yards ahead), the finding of the horses & carbine within 50 yds of the timber, Clifford holding & examining the carbine, and our changing direction of march parallel to the line of timbers toward the East, after the brief halt. I recall the talk of finding a body in the vicinity of the Rosebud either the day of our crossing the Yellowstone or the following day: it was talked of in camp and on one days march, but it was some days before the find of the horse &carbine. If I could have access to the old records ofCo. B. 7th Infantry for a short time, I feel confident that I could come very close to locating the place. I am of the opinion that this find was made an hour or two before we camped for the night (on the same stream indicated by the timber near the find) and that we had a very ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p040.jpg) rain storm during that night. Col Young may be able to locate that camp by recalling that Capt. Clifford had fixed a particularly fine shelter for himself on that evening or decided to share another shelter, but was "drowned out" of his shack when the wind changed driving the rain in sheets into his shelter, in the middle of the night The whole scene of the field is associated with a sage brush platean, and a line of timber to the left of our line of march. The Rosebud was on our right. A find on the Rosebud (or near it) would never have been a source of mystery - it could be accounted for too easily. If we had turned to the right after a find on the Rosebud we would either have crossed the Rosebud or gone up the Yellowstone River : we did neither of those things though we did march to the right of our former directions. I enclose a rough sketch of scene as it is painted in my memory stands before me. Other troops were with the column, for I distinctly remember an officer of another Regiment if they saw this horse on that day, but he said no. It could easily have been passed at 10 yards without being seen, on account of the sage brush. Capt. Clifford was always "poking around", n in this way located the horse a carbine, or we also would have passed them. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p041.jpg) Have you a map of Terry's route after his junction with Crook or the Rosebud? There were Engineers with us who should have sketched the route or their sketch should be in Dept. Hdgn. at St. Paul, If I had a sketch of the route I am confident that I could locate the place within a short distance. It is probable that this event did not make the impression upon Col. Young that it did upon me, and I have frequently spoken of the matter & inquired about it from Indians & whites --it has always been an unexplained mystery & I have sought the key without excuses upon every occasion, but especially when Yoll's & Crow King's bands were at Ft. Buford & when Sitting Bull surrendered there later. Col. Young's Regiment sails tomorrow for the U.S. and goes to Vancouver Barracks, Washington. I could bring this to his mind, I think, in a 5 minute talk, when we could compare notes. I am just as confident of the find being entirely away from the Rosebud, to the East, and that it was made after our junction with Gen. Crook while we were on a "pack march" as of my own existance: and am quite confident that the place was on a tributary flowing from the West into Tongue River. After passing Eastward this the Pumpkin Butte Bad Lands, what timbered Creek flows Eastward about 30 miles S. of the Yellowstone ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p042.jpg) If you can locate such a creek, you have the right one - beyond a doubt in my mind. Capt. Young has got to find near the mouth of the Rosebud confused with this one, a if he stops & third our circumstances will probably separate them: The first was heard of & talked about for 2 days but not seen by any of the 7th Inf. that I ever heard of: the second he saw. but was not much spoken of while we were all on the march & it was lost in the events of the current days. September is a long way ahead, but I would be glad to have a "talk" with you at any time regarding this matter. The "correspondent" was right about a Rosebud find & our start up the Rosebud. No correspondent was with the 7th Inf. & no one outside the 7th Inf. so far as I can learn, ever saw or reported this particular find, & I never heard of an official report of it. Young & I are the only ones now living who, to my knowledge saw it. We went up the Rosebud at least 2 marches before meeting Gen. Crook - at least 30 miles: then we marched East through the Pumpkin Butte country, crossed Lougue River at an old Cantoument & on Powder River which we followed down a full days march - over 20 miles - to its mouth; so our route must have been from 30-25 miles South of the Yellowstone. This find was East of Rosebud & West of Longue. Now locate a Creek within those limits & you are near the truth. Yours very truly C. A. Booth ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p043.jpg) [The following are labels on a map drawn in the landscape direction] N (approx) Supposed Creeke Cotton wood Cut Band Sage Brush 2½ - 3 ft Ex Route to after find Sage Bush 7th Inf. Halter for 5 min. (6 Cos) Route before find Sage Brush Sage Brush Sage Brush Creek (?) (?) Camp on night of find Next day Sage Brush □Horse lying head to East x Carbine Hills. Rolling Hills ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p044.jpg) C. DE COLMESNIL, Secretary & Treasurer. Brig. Gen. A. Woodruff, Commandant. LT. COL. D.M. McRAE, Surgeon CAPT. H.W. CRANE, Asst. Surgeon. GEN. J.F. SHEEHAN, Quartermaster. CAPT. J.J. SHEEHAN, Quartermaster. CAPT. J.J. Lyon, Commisary T.W. LAWRENCE, Chief Engineer. HEADQUARTERES VETERANS' HOME OF CALIFORNIA ROOM 506 MACDONOUGH BUILDING 333 KEARNY STREET SAN FRANCISCO VETERANS' HOME OF CALIFORNIA DIRECTORS: SAMUEL W. BACKUS, President HUGH M. BURKE, Vice President J. C. CURRIER E. Z. HENNESSEY, M.D. E.B. HINMAN HUGH HOGAN. WM. H. SAVAGE (R.R. STATION YOUNTVILLE, NAPA, Co.) P. O. ADDRESS VETERAN'S HOME, NAPA CO. B.J. SCOVILLE, Asst. Secretary Mr. W. M. Camp, 7740 Union Ave. Chicago, Ill. Dear Sir:- Pleased to receive yours of April 13th, 1912. I note what you say in relation to Red Star. I did not see the dead Cavalry horse found near the Yellowstone and a short distance, from one to three miles, as I remem- ber, west of the Rosebud. As I remember, this horse was found about August 1st, before we star- ted up the Rosebud to meet General Crook. It was said that the horse had been dead about a month, and that it had a 7th Cavalry brand. I think it was found by 2nd Cavalry men. The report was so circumstantial, i. e. horse shot in head, empty cartridge belt, etc. that we, or I, concluded that a 7th cavalry man, who escaped, struck across the country for Gibbon's command, which he had last seen at the mouth of the Rosebud, June 20th, or 21st, that he reached the Yellowstone with horse exhausted, killed him, threw his carbine into the river, and was drowned in trying to cross. Speculation, of course, but it shows that I believed the story. I have never seen any one, except Sergt. Fred Server, who claimed to have seen those bodies south of the National Cemetery, but he was very posi- tive in his statement, even after I told him I had vainly searched for tra- ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p045.jpg) Mr. W. M. Camp, 2. ces of graves etc. I had not heard that he was dead. You told me about seeing Trumpeter Martin and intending to see him again, and I have been anxious to learn where he left Custer's command; if he saw Reno as he passed up the river, what Reno was then doing. If Martin can positively locate Custer's column as being at or in Medicine Tail Coule when he left, it would convince me that Custer was ready to strike the Indians in flank, as soon as Reno should start a re- treat down the valley. Sincerely, C. Woodrey ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p046.jpg) White Bird Fight Kooskia, Idaho, Apl 26, 1912 Mr. W. M. Camp Chicago Ill. Dear Sir: Replying to your favor of April 10— You must have misunderstood me concerning Mr. Addison I Chapman's being an interpreter "at Ft. Lapuni where the war began." I do not think he was acting in that capacity at that time. He was the interpreter who accompanied the Indians to the Indian territory after the surrender of the hostiles and he also acted for Gen. Howard at times during the campaign before the surrender. Whether he is still living I can not say. The last I knew of him he was at Vancouver Banacko when he held some position similar to that which he had with the Nez Perces in their captivity. As to names of persons who knew White Bird and his band before the War I would ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p047.jpg) refer you to Mr. Josh Fockler, Mr. John Doumecq, and Mr. Larry Ott all of White Bird (P.O.) Idaho. It is possible that James Stuart of Kooskia might know of a picture of the old chief though I think it doubtful if he ever had one taken. I know that there was a man by the name of Ridington who was a packer for a while on the Howard campaign but I have no knowledge of his whereabouts now if he is living. If my memory serves me aright Ridington, the man I have in mind, was engaged with the pack train owned by Grostine & Binnard of Lewiston. His given name I do not know. Am sorry that I can not give you more detailed answers to your inquiries. Very truly yours F. A. Fenn F.A. Fenn ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p048.jpg) Piqua O. May 6th 1912 Mr. W. M. Camp Dear Sir I will only write a few lines to you tonight if it is only to tell you how I am geting along. My right arm is in a bad shape. I can not do any work with it. Whatever it is alway swollen the lack of proper circulation is the cause otherwise I am in good health. I mailed you the army directory today. You will see in it grate pre motions in the Line of Officers in the last year. from Colonel down to Lieutenant for instance take H. L. Scott McCormick Brewer Nickolson and others though out the hold line of the army. Caused by 600, addishanal officers to the army one year ago. in look ing over your last letter you wish to know what the 7th Cav. was doing in 1878. in the spring Head Quarters with 10 Troop Genl Sturgis in command went to camp at Bear [The following is written sideways to the right of the above passage] over— ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p049.jpg) Butte about 6 miles from where Fort Mead is now as a pertection to settlers and [--] was there until late in the fall when we was called out to help to intersept the Chyanne[-] that was breaking though 3x4 states to North, but we arrived to late. to take a hand in the Capture I think it was the 3rd Cav. that got Them in the bad Land, in the Neiborhood near where Shadvon is now. The 7 Cav got down as low as wound Knee Crick where old Fort Sheirdan was then a two company Post. The 7th done no fireing that I remmember of, but I think the '3 did, Col Fuller or Genl Garlington would be good athority on that Campaign. The 7th March back to Fort A Lincoln in November. 1829 the 7 moved Head Qrs. to Fort Mead, which was then geting built. up. I think I can put on an officer in New York. that could tell you a grate deal probably. of Gibbons Com.- -mand that came to sucker Reno command he was a Lieut in 2d Cav. and give qiute an a record of himself in 1876 and after but resigned the army in 1889. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F20_B1a_F21_p050.jpg) See Army & Navy Journal of May 4th page 1110, his name is Charles A. Roe he was has just now retired from the New York National Guard for age. if you have a convention in that direction you may come across him. I would very much like to come to Chicago for the big Convention and see Knipe and yourself but I am not able to come so I will have to give it up. hoping again to here from you when conveient. wishing you well. I am as ever very res- spectfully yours Stanislas Roy 523 Park Ave Piqua O. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p001.jpg) Hazelton B.C. June 13th. 1912. Mr. W.M.Camp Chicago U.S.A. Dear Sir. I have been requested to reply to a letter you sent to Mr. Tibbals One of the staff of the G.T.P.Ry.Engineers, regarding an Indian bridge, over the Bulkley River. In reply I would say that the present structure was erected by the Indians of Hagwilget in 1902 and was completed in 1903. There were two Indian bridges prior to this, washed away during high water, the dates of construction of which I am unable to give. The suspension structure of telegraph wire, which you mention in your letter was not an Indian bridge, it was built by men in the employ of the Dominion Government of Canada, while constructing the Dominion Government Yukon telegrap line,and was used by their pack trains for crossing the river. I may add that though I have been in the neighbourhood for 18 years, I have enquired of other old residents, so as to verify my statements. Trusting that this letter may be of service to you, I remain Yours truly, E. C. Stephenson ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p002.jpg) LOS VERJELS LAND AND WATER COMPANY A CALIFORNIA CORPORATION DIRECTORS DR. V. T. MCGILLYCUDDY, PRESIDENT F. M. TURNER ... VICE-PRESIDENT G. EARLE KELLY...TREASURER W.H. MATSON .... SECRETARY BRUCE BONNY GEO. L. BANDY W. L. HATHAWAY LANDS SEVEN THOUSAND ACRES with ample water rights near Bangor in the Oroville citrus belt have been carefully selected and secured on the recommendation of experts, as being specially adapted for the growth of the Olive, Orange, and Grapefruit, Lemon, Fig, English Walnut, and many other varieties. The soil, from three to ten feet deep, is of a dark red, iron oxide nature, containing a high per cent of phosphates and nitrogen, over- lying a shattered porphyritic rock from ten to frouty feet in depth, creating the ideal condition for sub-drainage and deep rootage. San Francisco, OCT 9 - 1912 121 W. M. Camp. Esq Dear Sir Some time ago you wrote to me re- garding one of our old scouts, "California Joe." but absence from the city has delayed answer. I knew him very well, as he was with me on three expeditions. He was on shift scout on the 1875 expedition. the exploration of the Black Hill when I was chief topograpor. He was one of our scouts with Gun Crook in 1876. [---] the Custer fight. His name was Moses Milner, was a Kentuckian stood about 6ft 3in long reddish brown hair and whiskers and was one of the well known men of this frontier for many years. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p003.jpg) I always regarded him as one of our most reliable scouts, good natured, kind, and not quarrelsome. sometimes in liquor but always mangeable. He was murdered at Ft. Robinson Nob. in October 1876, by Thos. F. Newcomb, an employe in the Pork Butcher Shop, as follows. Newcomb is now about 65 and is located at Gardiner Montana where he acts as guide to hunting parties. In the Face of 1875 one John Richard, a French Trapper, intermarried with and living with the Red Cloud Sioux near Ft. Robin- son. was found dead. Shot. under suspicious circumstances. and suspicoun pointed to Newcomb. California for joined in their accusation, and he and Newcomb became enemies. Late in October Crooks command, after the '76 campaign marched into Ft. Robinson Neb. from the Big Horn County to go into ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p004.jpg) winter quarters, and with us came Cal- ifornia Joe. The second next day the winter expedi- tion was to leave for the Big Horn under Col. McKenzie. California for to go as Chief Scout. The day after we got in California for and Newcomb encountered each other at the Root Traders, and each reached for his gun, but shortly Joe held out his hand in a good natured way, rumbling, "Newcomb." Let us shake and make up, and drop it" They shook hands, lined up to the bar and drank, and we thought that this trouble was over. About an hour afterward I observed California Joe standing below the Quarter, Martin Corral, talking to a group of half. a dozen men, with his back toward the Corral, when suddenly Newcomb appeared close to the Corral with a Winchester. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p005.jpg) [Heading, Typewritten Text] LOS VERJELS LAND AND WATER COMPANY A CALIFORNIA CORPORATION [Heading Column 1] DIRECTORS DR. V. T. MCGILLYCUDDY, PRESIDENT F.M. TURNER . . . VICE-PRESIDENT G. EARLE KELLY . . . TREASURER W.H. MATSON . . . . SECRETARY BRUCE BONNY GEO L. BANDY W.L. HATHAWAY [Heading Column 2] LANDS SEVEN THOUSAND ACRES with ample water rights near Bangor in the Oroville citrus belt have been carefully selected and secured on the recommendation of experts, as being specially adapted for the growth of the Olive, Orange, Grapefruit, Lemon, Fig, English Walnut and many other varieties. The soil, from three to ten feet deep, is of a dark red, iron oxide nature,containing a high per cent of phosphates and nitrogen, over- lying a shattered porphyritic rock from ten to forty feet in depth, creating the idea condition for sub-drainage and deep rootage. SAN FRANCISCO. ______________ 191____ [Handwritten Letter] and pointing the rifle at the crowd cried out, "Look out fellers," the men scattered, before Joe could turn around, Newcomb fired. Joe threw up his arms whirled around and dropped dead. I had his body taken to the Post Hospital, and made a post mortem. The ball entered his back, passed through the heart, and came out in front. When McKenzies expedition marched out past the hospital next morning poor Joe was out in front in his coffin on [--]tles with the [-]ea[-] draped over him. I buried him in the Citter port cemetary with a red cedar head board. Moses Milner of Kentucky "California Joe" ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p006.jpg) Frontier Scout, Murdered Newcomb was placed in the Guard House. The civil authorities of Nebraska notified, and no appear- ance being put in, under the military law we had to set him free in four days. It was the most cold blooded murder I ever witnessed The rigid discipline of the army prevented Newcomb being "lynched" Yours truly G.[-].M. McGillycuddy. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p008.jpg) Nov. 5, 1912. Gen. Frank D. Baldwin, 1353 Vine St., Denver, Colo. Dear Sir: -- In connection with some historical studies of Indian wars in the West that I have been making for many years past, I am seeking to verify a statement that Sioux Indians have given me as to an incident that happened near Ft. Keogh in the winter or spring of 1876-77. They tell me that some Sioux messengers, who were approaching the post under a flag of truce, were attacked by Crow Indian scouts and all killed. It has been suggested to me that you were probably at the post at the time and might be acquanted with the facts in the matter. Can you give me the particulars of this affair, particularly as to just where it happened, the approximate date, and whether the killing was the result of some misunderstanding. I wi ll thank you for any information that you may be able to give me of this affair. Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p009.jpg) [Column 1] I'll try to find my paper about Crazy Horse and send it to you—This will give you a better insight into the details of the situation which have vanished from my memory - I'll try to send you the paper inside of the next 10 days. - I suggest that write to Col. Chos P. Jordan of Rose-bud Agency - in this matter - He was right there at Red Cloud Agency - and has been living with the In- dians ever since - I regard him as thoroughly reliable - intelligent - and better parted than any other man I know [---] your inquires - Truly Yours Jesse M Gee [Column 2] Fort Thomas Ky Nov 6th, 1912, Mr. W. M. Camp 7740 Union Avenue Chicago. Il. Dear Sir: Yours of 4th wish forwarded to me here. - While I can not give definite information as to the feeling against Crazy Horse on the part of the prominent Indians such as Red Cloud. American Horse and others at Red Cloud Agency in 1844 - No doubt that jealousies ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p010.jpg) [Column 1] existed due in part to the fact that Crazy Horse was much favored at first by the authorities in order to pacify time and [---] his somewhat independent spirit.—The rumors were that at first Crazy Horse's demands were granted and if he got special favors. the other prominent chiefs would complain.—Red Cloud was a chief of dignity and diplomacy. I do not recall that Red Cloud was ever jealous of Crazy Horse but others may have been so— Col. Randall wrote or said to me at the time. that [Column 2] Crazy Horse was "buzzed too much." by prominent [---] at the agency~Crazy Horse told me the same thing.~ No doubt every foible of Crazy Horse was exaggerated: but about 10 days before the crisis came Col Randall who was at Red Cloud—wrote me "Crazy Horse is all right.—He wants to do right but wants plenty of time to consider" &c~ I can never believe that Crazy Horse at that time ever meditated going on the war path. again—nor do I have any proof that prominent Ogalallas encouraged time that way to effect his downfall.— When I am feeing better ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p011.jpg) [page 1 blank] [page 2] 7 D Maldrum FORT KEOGH INCIDENT REDWATER FIGHT 1353 [---] [---] Denver Colo. 11/10-12 Mr W. M. Camp Chicago Ill, Dear Sir, In reply to yours of the 5th June , I would state that I was not at Keogh at the time of the killing of five Sioux Indians. (Messengers.) by the Crow Indian scouts near what past on the 16th of December 1876, The Sioux's were burning a flag, (in fact two), of truse, the Indians Sioux. had surrendered to Genl. Miles soon after the battle on Custer Creek Mountains Oct 21 1876 the exact date of their surrender I think was Oct 27 - 1876. Genl. Miles in his report of the killing says "the act was unprovoked. Cowardly murder." At the time of this occurance I was operating in command of three [---] of my regiment against Sitting Bull near Fort Peck from the Red Water Mountains. defeating the Indians on the Red Water ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p012.jpg) [page 1 blank] [page 2] Dec 18 1876, returning to Keogh morning of the 21st Genl. Miles made a very complete report of the killing which was submitted to Dept: [---] [---]. his report was dated Dec 17th 1876. I dont recall that there was an portion of the [---] or of any other county regiment at Keogh at the time, The garrison consisting entirely of Infty. Yours truly Frank D. Baldwin U. S. Army ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p013.jpg) J L Liga[---] Willow Bunch Sark Nov 15" 1912 Mr. W. M. Camp Chicago Dear sir Apperantly Sioux is a French word, given to Dakota Indian. like Santeux for Chepa[-]ray Indian, But I don't think any one here know Better. that I do[---] as per Indians Word & as per Rail Road The C. N. R. did not do any thing to advance toward Willow Bunch But. C. P. R. North of here 7 miles pass going went they are working yet. Respectfully your Jean Louis L[-]gare ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p014.jpg) Nov.12,1912 Gen.Frank D.Baldwin, 1353 Vine St., Denver, Colo. Dear Sir:-- I thank you for your letter of 10th inst.,in reply to mine of 5th inst., giving me information about the killing of the Sioux mes- sengers near Ft. Keogh, in 1876. I am glad that you have mentioned the official report of Gen. Miles in reference to the matter. I will try to get to see this report. You are correct in your impression that no part of the 7th Cavalry was present at Ft. Keogh at the time the messengers were killed. At the time the above letter head was printed I had intended to cover only the history of the 7th Cavalry in my researches, but later I decided to include all of the Indian campaigns participated in by any regiment. I am doing this for leisure, taking plenty of time, and desire to get the important facts of the affairs of the Indian wars as complete as possi- ble. Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p015.jpg) Fort Thomas Kentucky Nov 17' 1912. Mr W. M. Camp Chicago, Ill. My dear Sir: I have just found the paper I read before the Scientific Society, at San Antonio Texas. In accordance with my promise I send it to you. When you are through with this story please return it to my address here.— In reading my paper I omitted some things, as indicated by pencil—but they will permit you to read the whole story.— ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p016.jpg) You will observe that I make no mention of the Chief Red Cloud. As far as I know this Chief was then somewhat under the ban and Spotted Tail was the recognized Chief by General Crook and the military authorities— because Spotted Tail was quite loyal and had kept the Rrule's. [---] at his agency.— ~I am still not in good physical condition but I think I am slowly improving~ With my best wishes Truly Yours Jesse M. Gee. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p017.jpg) General J. M. Lee's Address at San Antonio, Tex., Feb. 14, 1911. ------- Mr. President and Ladies and Gentlemen of the Scientific Society:-- In my childhood I was often thrilled with wonder as I listened with eager ears and bulging eyes to the recital from my venerated elders of the cruelties, dangers and hardships incident to life on the frontier among Indians, until by treaty or compulsion they were driven toward the setting sun--never to return to the homes of their fathers. When I heard those hair-raising tales I little thought that much of my after life would be spent in the remoter west among Indians of sim- ilar type, who were then vainly struggling to stay the wave of the white man's civilization that has now engulfed them and has probably doomed to ultimate extinction the vanishing race. Nearly a quarter of a century ago I read a lyceum essay to my brother officers, dwelling somewhat upon the great campaign against the hostile Cheyenne and Sioux Indians in the wilds of Nebraska, Montana, Wyoming and the Dakotas, in 1876-7, and more specifically as to the events leading up to the killing of one of the most fanatical and bravest war chiefs of the Sioux nation. This occurred at Camp Robinson, near Red Cloud Indian agency, in Northwestern Nebraska, in the fall of 1877. This agency and Spotted Tail agency, 40 miles distant, were two of the largest Indian agencies in our country.. I may further remark that in December, 1890, over 13 years afterward, in this same vicinity, the widespread Messiah or Ghost Dance craze among the plains Indians culminated in the slaughter of Big Foot's band of over 150 Sioux, at Wounded Knee creek. The Capture and Death of a Noted Indian Chieftan Crazy Horse. In March, 1877, it fell to my lot to enter on duty as military Indian agent in charge of the Brule Sioux, at what was then known as the Spot- ted Tail agency, in northwestern Nebraska. The great Sioux war was in its closing stage--a war in which the Indian displayed|the highest qual- ities of generalship, and, considering his limited resources, prolonged the conflict to a surprising degree and achieved victories that will long endure in the annals of warlike history. This war brought into marked prominence Indian chieftans, warlike leaders, whose skill and prow- ess gave renown to the names of Crazy Horse and Sitting Bull. At this time, the spring of 1877, the result with respect to losses was decidedly favorable to the Indians; but, having no base of supplies other than what rude nature afforded; being dependent upon their enem- ies, the whites, for such arms and ammunition as they might capture in conflict or obtain through clandestine traffic; being necessarily encum- bered with their wives and children, and kept constantly on the move by recurring military expeditions against them, the thoughtful Indian war- riors gradually realized that prolonged resistance would be suicidal. Under these conditions, two prominent cases contributed to the gen- eral cessation of hostilities: 1st, the splendid success of Gen. Miles in the North, which resulted in his securing prominent hostages for the surrender of the hostiles, in the spring of 1877; 2nd, in the latter part of January, 1877, Gen. Crook induced Spotted Tail, one of the noblest Ind- ian chiefs of modern times, to go out, in the midst of Dakota blizzards, ww with about 200 of his Brule head men, and persuade the hostiles to come in and surrender at Spotted Tail and Red Cloud agencies. As a direct result of Spotted Tail's mission two hostile Sioux bands, Minneconjou and Sans Arc, numbering about one thousand, under Touch the Clouds, Roman Nose and Red Bear, surrendered at Spotted Tail agency, in April, 1877. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p018.jpg) [written in the left margin beside the first paragraph] X( 2 A partial disarming ensued, under persuasion, mostly; their ponies were turned over to the agency chiefs friendly, who at once returned them to their former Indian owners. The Cheyennes, of about 900 souls, who had met with defeat by Gen. Mackenzie in November, 1876, were the next to surrender, at Red Cloud; but all the authorities were anxiously awaiting the coming of the invincible chieftan Crazy Horse. His gradual approach, from day to day, was herald- ed by swift couriers and his numbers were exaggerated. He arrived at Red Cloud about May 15, where he was met by Gen. Crook's representatives, Col. Randall and Lieut. *Philo* Clark. He had 140 lodges, numbering, by actual count, less than one thousand men, women and children, mostly Ogalalla Sioux. Crazy Horse did not surrender with the humility of a defeated, broken-spirited chief. He was an unsubdued warrior; a great soldier chief, and had come in to make such terms as would bring peace and rest to his people who had scarcely known defeat under his valiant leadership To his mind t/here was no "unconditional surrender" about it. He was willing, at least for a time, to give up the uncertain buffalo for the certain agency beef; to exchange the old, worn-out skin lodges for new and handsome tepees of army duck. Crazy Horse consented to "peace", but wanted, yea, demanded, "plenty". He was the ideal captain who was not only in touch with his soldier braves, but who fired their souls with his own martial ardor. It was Crazy Horse's voice that rang out, when some of the advance warriors recoiled from Custer's fire, "Come on! Die with me! It is a good day to die! Cowards to the rear!" ---and by deeds that surpassed his words. It is said that it was he who first broke Custer's line. At Red Cloud Crazy Horse made a dignified semblance of surrender- ing, giving, as a token of peace, a small percentage of arms. About a month prior to this event Gen. Crook, at Spotted Tail, in council with the friendlies and the former hostiles, promised them, and especially the latter, that when matters got settled down they should all go out on a big buffalo hunt, in the early fall. This announcement was loudly greet- ed with a chorus of enthusiastic "hows". This promise, which was explic itly made also to Crazy Horse, was deemed wise at that\time, but the at- tempted fulfillment of it became fraught with danger, as the sequel will show. Shortly prior to this a considerable number of Indian scouts had been enlisted at both agencies; and, after the usual feastings and promises a very good representation, numerically, was obtained from those who had recently surrendered. The chiefs were rated as non-commissioned officers, and their trusted braves selected as privates, all receiving good pay and having but little to do. The promise was made and reit- erated by Col. Randall and Lieut. Philo Clark, who had a right to speak on the subject, to the scouts, and especially to the late hostiles, that they were enlisted to preserve peace and good order at the agencies and vicinity, and protect themselves and their ponies against white horse thieves. The gifted and knightly Gen. Mackenzie, of historic renown in peace and war, had been in command of the district of the Black Hills during troublous times; and, upon his xxxxxx departure to another field of duty of equal importance, Gen. Bradley, of the 9th Infantry, was selected to command the important district. This able officer won marked distinc- tion in the Civil war; and since then, by his splendid capacity, cool judgment and untiring energy, successfully met the grave responsibilities affecting both Indians and whites, and contributed in an eminent degree to the prosperous development of the frontiers of that region. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p019.jpg) 3 Lieut. Clark was stationed at Camp Robinson, having a general over- sight over the recent hostiles, especially Crazy Horse and his Ogalallas, and it was his duty to keep Gen. Crook fully informed as to anything of interest. Lieut. Clark posessed in a high degree a personal magnetism and pleasing manner that charmed every one. His selection by Gen. Crook for this most difficult of duties was a high compliment to his marked abilityxx and splendid accomplishments. He was, without doubt, one of the most talented and promising officers in the army, and his xxx untimely death deprived the country of one who would probably have ador- ned a high niche in the temple of military fame, had the opportunity of- fered. He was successful in almost every move, and was overreached only by the wily Crazy Horse, whose unfortunate will would consciously brook no mastery. At the other agency, Spotted Tailx was king in fact as well as in name; and every Indian, half breed and squaw-man yielded obedience to him. He spoke for his tribe, and|when he had done, nothing more need be said. He was a keen diplomat, a logical reasoner and an orator of the first class, and he was consulted by generals, philanthropists and peace commissioners. As the summer wore along the Northern Indians at both agencies were looking forward to the buffalo hunt with more or less anxiety. Every- thing was peaceable, but these Indians had not gotten well enough attach- ed to agency ways for this departure on a long and questionable hunting expedition. Crazy Horse was eager to go, and it seemed as if the promise, whether wisely or unwisely made, of months before, would have to be fulfilled, There was also some talk of getting a large delegation of the principal chiefs to go to Washington for a "pow-wow" with the Great Father. On Aug. 5 we received from Clark that all Indians who desired could go on the hunt, and the trip to Washington would occur later. At Spotted Tail agency we felt that probably a crisis had come. If all the Indians, wild and tame, or all of the former and some of the latter, went out on a general buffalo hunt with all of the wild Indians from Red Cloud, trouble might ensue and many would slip away and join Sit- ting Bull, who had gone north of the line. Spotted Tail held this view and vehemently supported it, and his right-hand sub-chief, Swift Bear, said: "The man who planned this hunt needs a heart and a brain". Maj. Burke, the efficient C.O. of Camp Sheridan, at Spotted Tail agency, and I, as agent, had a long and trying council with the chiefs. We agreed with Spotted Tail that it might be a question of peace or war; a holding fast to what had been gained or the undoing of of all that had been accomplished. After 24 hours of incessant work the eloquence and unanswerable arguments of Spotted Tail carried the day. We felt that we had broken the backbone of the buffalo hunt at our agency. Crazy Horse, at Red Cloud, was probably disappointed, and even his reluctant acquiescence would enable him at any time to accuse the authorities with breach of faith. Detectives were watching his movements and listen- ing to all that he said, and reporting anything that xxxx boded of ill. He was now approaching on the subject of going with the delegation to Washington, to which he replied that he was "not hunting for any Great Father. His father was with him and there was no Great Father between him and the Great Spirit". About this time Col. Randall informed Maj. Burke and myself that "Crazy Horse was all right, was doing just what they wanted him to do; that he was talked to too much, but if they would let him alone and not 'buzz' him so much he would come out all right". Soon after this Clark wrote: "Crazy Horse told me he wanted to do right, but wanted plenty of f time to consider, and so matters rest, and nothing has been determined ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p020.jpg) 4 in regard to the hunt,"showing that Crazy Horse had not forgotten this promise. Two weeks later Clark wrote that "rumors between the two agencies have grown into such proportions; their influence is so bad and perni- cious, keeping the Indians in an unsettled, restless state, I hope we can stop them. The northern Indians at both agencies have done well, and as long as they are trying to do what is right it is not fair or just that they should be kept constantly on nettles by stories of damage that is going to be done them." We at Spotted Tail had tried had to prevent this very thing, by keeping our business affairs and councils separate from such matters at Red Cloud. Clark further added: "In event of any trouble, which I am quite confident we need not fear,I will send a courier to you at once, with written information; so do not place any reliance on any other kind". A few days later Touch the Clouds, whose honesty Maj. Burke and I could not doubt, informed us that he and one or two other northern xxxx chiefs had been sent for by Clark, to go to Red Cloud,for some purpose we knew not then, but on the next day we received instructions from Red Cloud agency that 60 Indian scouts were wanted, to go to the Northwest and fight the Nez Perces. As a result all was hubbub and excitement among the Indians. The northern Indians did not take to this measure with much zest, but finally we succeeded in getting them ready to go, and then came an order to suspend action. On Aug.31, just four days before the trouble culminated, Clark wrote: "Dear Burke. Gen. Crook left Omaha this morning. Crazy Horse xx and Touch the Clouds, with High Bear, came up and told me that they were going north on the war path. I hope you and Lee can at least postpone any starting of the Northern Indians. Crazy Horse has worked Touch the Clouds exactly round to his way of thinking. Perhaps after he gets cooled off and 'Spot' (Spotted Tail) and the rest can get at him he will change, but it certainly shows that his reformation is not very deep". The above clearly showed that a breach had suddenly occurred and foreshadowed stirring times, and the resulting events show how even the most careful man may be misled as to the real intent of Indians, and that, too, through a mistake of an interpreter, however honest. Next day official word came from Red Cloud agency that the Northern Indians h there were to be surrounded, and asking that the same thing be done at our agency. That Touch the Clouds had agreed to go north with Crazy Horse and fight the whites surprised us very much, for he had ever acted honorably and as far right as we could expect. Maj. Burke directed that as soon as Touch the Clouds and High Bear returned from Red Cloud to send them x to the post. They at once came up, without excitement or concern, and many, in fact all,circumstances showed nothing wrong. We went to Maj. Burke's house. There were present Maj. Burke and several other office Of the interpreters, Louis Bordeau and Charlie Tackett (two of the most competent interpreters in the Sioux nation) , besides Frank Grouard, Gen. Crook's famous guide, and the well known old Mexican scout and inter- preter Joe Merivale; of Indian chiefs,Spotted Tail, Swift Bear, Two Strike, White Thunder, Touch the Clouds, Red Bear and High Bear. We asked Touch the Clouds to repeat what he xxx said and explain what he meant at Red Cloud the day before. Louis Bordeau interpeted and the other interpreters were cautioned to follow every word. It soon became evident that Frank Grouard had, through honest mistake, no doubt, misinterpreted Touch the Clouds (perhaps Crazy Horse xxxx too). Bordeau ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p021.jpg) and Grouard were soon engaged in a wordy dispute, and Touch the Clouds, apparently for the first time, comprehending how Grouard had misinter- preted him at Red Cloud, told Grouard, with earnest indignation, that he "lied"; that he never said he was going to fight the whites, but that he told "White Hat" (Clark) that when he came here he was promised absolute peace, but that the Great Father, Gen. Crook and others had deceived him and now wanted him and his people to go on the war path, a thing which x he violently condemned as a breach of faith; that first, it was give up his gun, and he did it; then it was to enlist as a scout, to keep xxxxx peace and order at the agency, and he did that; then he was asked to throw away the buffalo hunt, and he did that; then, like a horse with a bit in his mouth, his head was turned toward Washington, and he looked that way; now the Great Father, the "Gray Fox" (Gen. Crook) and "White Hat" put blood on their faces and turned them to war; that he and Crazy Horse had been deceived and lied to, but now they would do as White Hat said, and war it would be! They would all go north and fight; the troops would have to go north and fight too, and when they met the Nez Perces (meaning they would conquer them) "all would be peace." In this way Touch the Clouds repeated and explained all that he and Crazy Horse had said, and added that Grouard had given it a meaning they had not intended. Naturally, Grouard disliked to admit the correct- ness of Touch the Cloud's statement, as interpreted by Bordeau, but in answer to a question as to whether he now believed Touch the Clouds xxx meant to go north to renew hostilities against the whites, he responded in the negative, saying. "I don't believe he intends doing so now." It is believed now that this whole trouble originated in asking these Northern Indians to go out and fight the Nez Perces, something they could not understand. Clark, however, acted on Grouard's interpretation and additional troops were sent for to come to Red Cloud, augmenting the force to probably over 700 cavalry and infantry, with the addition of about 300 Indian allies, making a total of not less than 1000 well-armed men. We had at Spotted Tail a garrison of about 90 men, which, of itself, would have been powerless to protect the agency and post in the event of an Indian outbreak where there were 6000 Indians, but Spotted Tail, with his faithful Brules, was a tower of strength on our side. On Sept. 2 I proceeded to the post at Red Cloud agency and found thx Gen. Crook had arr ived and events of great importance were at hand. Clark had suddenly lost all confidence in Crazy Horse and including Touch the Clouds and all our Indians belonging to the northern bands. I at once saw Generals Crook and Bradley and told them there was some mis- take; that all the Indians at Spotted Tail agency were quiet and had no intention of going north on the war path. I was directed to see Clark and tell him all about it, which I did, but he seemed positive that there was no mistake. I tried to explain the dispute at Spotted Tail, as to the meaning of what was said about going to war. I repeated all that had occurred at the interview with Touch the Clouds; all that Touch the Clouds said; Frank Grouard's apparent discomfiture as to the mistake which the interpreters said he made, and his partial admission o to that effect, as above stated. In the course of the discussion, which was by no means tame, I said I would guarantee that no Indian from Spotted Tail agency would go north, at which Clark smiled incredulously. I reiterated that there was certainly a mistake as to Touch the Clouds. I finally succeeded in getting myself listened to, and I was great- ly relieved when Generals Crook and Bradley said they were glad I had come. Gen. Crook said: "Mr. Lee, I don't want any mistake,for it would, to the Indians, be the basest of treachery to make a mistake in this mat- ter". Having accomplished enough to secure peace at Spotted Tail, I felt ease. One strong and conclusive fact was that the remnant of what was ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p022.jpg) 6 once Lame Deer's band was coming in to our agency and giving up some horses and a considerable number of arms, which would not be the case had our Indians any intention of going out; but it still seemed to be the intention of Clark to have something done to Crazy Horse and his band-- just what, I did not then know. On Sept. 3 four troops of cavalry came in from Laramie, other troops were approaching from different xxxxxxxxxx points, and it was evident something startling was likely to happen before long. In the afternoon of that day I was told, confidentially, that Crazy Horse's camp would be surrounded next morning. I asked if word had been sent to Maj. Burke, at Spotted Tail agency, of the intended surround, and was told, "No, that had not been done!" I urged that it was vital that he should know it beforehand, so as to prevent a stampede from there; that an Indian courier, from the Indians would probably get there first, with exagger- ated news of fighting; that wild excitement would follow, and all the work of the year might be undone. Chief Spotted Tail had been sent for and was then at Red Cloud, and it was urged by me that he be at once sent back to aid in controlling matters at his agency through the troub- le. Feeling it my duty to get him back as soon as possible, I obtained Gen. Bradley's permission to start after midnight. On the morning of the 4th we started at 3 o' clock, well armed for what some thought might be a perilous journey, but which proved to be perfectly safe, as I had believed. I must not forget to say that the last words I said to Clark before leaving were: "Don't let Crazy Horse get away; he might come to Spotted Tail agency." Clark replied, with a trace of sarcasm, "Lee, don't worry about that! Crazy Horse can't make a move without my knowing it, and I can have him whenever I want him. I'll send you the news of our suc- cess, in writing, by a good courier." This was not idle talk, for Clark had detectives, with ears quick to catch each word that might fall from Crazy Horse's lips, and eyes keen to note his every movement. Spotted Tail and I reached the agency about 10 a.m. and found everything quiet and Maj. Burke busily engaged in counting the remnants of the hostiles who had just arrived from the north, to surrender. We soon called the chiefs together and told them that probably some trouble might occur at Red Cloud, but it must not affect them, and for all to re- main perfectly quiet and have no fear. We then had only to wait! Imag- ine, if you please, being compelled to sit down over a powder magazine, with sparks flying around, and wondering how long it would be until the blow-up comes. We felt certain that an explosion would occur, but uncer- tain as to the hurt it might do. Well, we had not long to wait! About 4 p.m. an Indian courier arrived in the Northern camp--not to us! --his quivering horse, all white with foam, and with the startling news that their "friends were fighting at Red Cloud, and that the troops were coming to Spotted Tail agency". The old scout Joe Merivale, well known and respected by the Northern Indians, had been sent to their camp with some reliable xxxxxxx agency xx chiefs, to meet just this contingency and allay excitement. By dint of hard effort they were succeeding fairly well, when Black Crow came xxxxxx to us and said: "Crazy Horse is in the Northern camp!" This came like a clap of thunder from a clear sky! Could it be possible that the one Indian of all others to be secured had made good his escape and come to our agency! The arrival of the Indian courier from the Red Cloud Indians had produced intense excitement, but when he was soon followed by Crazy Horse there was a wild scene, beggaring description. The bold warrior, t the venerated hero of his braves who had ever led them to victory, was in the midst of devoted friends, and to them a hunted victim of rank injus- ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p023.jpg) 7 tice and cruel persecution. All the 300 or more tepees in that camp came down with magic swiftness, and had it not been for White Thunder and other loyal Brules a stampede would have resulted at once; merciless slaughter of unsuspecting whites on the line of flight would probably have followed and another Indian war inaugurated. The "reliables" surrounded and harangued the camp and restored xxx some degree of quiet. Word was sent to the Indians under Touch the Clouds to bring Crazy Horse to the post. Maj. Burke, Dr. Koerper and myself, with an interpreter, started for the Northern camp, about three miles from the post. When over half way out we met over 300 mounted armed Indians in good line of battle, not so much guarding as escorting Crazy Horse, in the direction of the post. There were war bonnets and war shirts in profusion, and had it not been for a score or more of "re- liables" intermingled with the 300 we might have|had serious trouble. Touch the Clouds was on one side of the great warrior and the brave, handsome White Thunder on the other, with the austere and desperate Black Crow just in the rear. Just here I would add that White Thunder and Black Crow had determined to shoot Crazy Horse should he make a break. We took Crazy Horse to the post, or, perhaps I would better say, he and his 300 friends were taking us there. Just as we xxxx reached the little parade ground of Camp Sheridan Spotted Tail, the able planner that he was, arrived, from another direction, with not less than 300 of his trusty Brule soldiers, all armed with good breech loaders, principally Winchesters. This number, with more who joined soon after, gave good, solid backing, and, with our 90 soldiers at quarters, ready to aid at a moment's notice, turned the scale and kept it safely in our favor. As if by intuition, these forces of Indians formed on either side of a walk, leaving a space about 6x8 feet in the center. It was a wild, weird scene; and had the spectacle been for display it would have been grand beyond compare; but, as it meant most serious business, and was fraught with danger, every nerve was under the severest strain. For once Crazy Horse realized that his prestige had forsaken him; for once he was in the presence of one whose mastery he dare not, then and there, dispute. Spotted Tail, the coolest man of all the assembled hundreds, in the plain Indian blanket garb, without any insignia of chieftanship, stepped into the arena, and, in a few words, delivered in a clear, ringing voice, with dignity and eloquence, addressed Crazy Horse, who was almost within touch: "We never have trouble here; the sky is clear, and the air is xx still and free from dust. You have come here and you must listen to me and my people. I am the chief here. We keep the peace. We, the Brules, do this. They obey me, and every Indian who comes here must listen to me. You say you want to come to this agency and live peaceably. If you stay here you must listen to me. That is all." It is hard to justly render an Indian speech, especially on such an occasion; but had you heard its telling points and pauses, emphasized and punctuated by the click of loaded rifles, you would have thought it one of the most effective speeches ever delivered. Its conclusion was greeted with four hundred xxxxxx vociferous "hows". One frenzied Ind- ian, believing that his friend Crazy Horse was to be harmed, wanted to sacrifice himself in his place. He caught hold of Maj. Burke's arm and excitedly exclaimed: "Crazy Horse is brave, but he feels too weak to die to-day. Kill me! Kill me! The Brule guns were already loaded, and had a shot been fired serious trouble would have begun. After a few more words, and as night was coming on, the crowds dis- persed, and we got Crazy Horse into Maj. Burke's quarters, to have a xxx talk. He seemed like a frightened, trembling wild animal brought to bay, hoping for confidence one moment and fearing treachery the next. He had been under a severe nervous strain all day, and it plainly showed. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p024.jpg) 8 Before proceeding with what was the last talk or council let me go back a little. Soon after we heard Crazy Horse had reached our agency, a courier arrived from Red Cloud with the following message from clark. "Dear Lee: There has been no fight. Crazy Horse's band is just going into camp and will give up their guns without trouble, in all probability Crazy Horse has skipped out for your place. Have sent after him. Should he reach your agency have 'Spot' arrest him, and I will give any Indian who does this $200". Soon thereafter a squad of 15 or 20 Indian scouts arrived from Red Cloud, having been sent after Crazy Horse, to arrest and take him back. It was understood then, and afterwards known to be a fact, that they overtook Crazy Horse as he was riding along quite leis- urely with his sick wife, and when they asked him to go back with them the prestige of his name and warlike deeds overawed them when he said:x "I am Crazy Horse! Don't touch me! I'm not running away!" At our talk in Maj. Burke's quarters Crazy Horse seemed to realize his helplessness. We assured him we had no reason to do him any hurt; x and he promised, almost at the outset, to go with me next day to Camp Robinson. The best solution of the matter was to get Crazy Horse back to Red Cloud safely and quietly; let him make his talk there with the authorities who could decide what should be done as to granting or re- fusing his desire for transfer to our agency. He said he wanted to get away from trouble; that he had brought his sick wife xxxxx to be treated, and came for that purpose only. I told him I would remember what he said and repeat his words to the authorities at Camp Robinson. Several of the chiefs were held responsible, under a binding Indian pledge, for Crazy Horse's safe-keeping during the night and his reporting to Maj. Burke next morning at 9 o'clock. Crazy Horse reported at the appointed time and said he had changed his mind about going back to Red Cloud, because he was "afraid something would happen." He asked us to go down without him and fix up the matter for him and his people. We assured him we had no thought of harming him in any way; that he owed it to his people at Red Cloud to return, and we insisted upon his return peaceably and quietly, to which he agreed upon the following conditions, which, under the circumstances, Maj. Burke and I felt we could make: 1st, that neither Crazy Horse nor myself should take arms; 2nd, that I would state to the soldier chief at Red Cloud all that had occurred at Spotted Tail agency, and that if Crazy Horse had made a statement of the facts, I would say to the soldier chief that Maj. Burke, Spotted Tail and I were willing to receive him by transfer to Red Cloud, if the district commander so authorized; that Crazy Horse could state what occurred, how "he had been misunderstood and misinterpreted; that he wanted peace and quiet, and did not want any trouble whatever." We made Crazy Horse no promise that he would be transferred to Spotted Tail agency, because we knew and he knew that could be settled only by higher authority. Crazy Horse asked to ride horseback, which request was granted. We started from the northern camp on the morning of Sept. 5. In the ambu- lance with me were Louis Bordeau, the interpreter, Black Crow and Swift Bear, two reliable agency chiefs; and High Bear and Touch the Clouds, Crazy Horse's friends. By consent, seven Northern Indians went along to see fair play, but Good Voice, Horned Antelope and a few other "reliables" rode with Crazy Horse, to take care of him and prevent his escape. When about 15 miles out, small parties of Spotted Tail's Indian soldiers began to arrive, and when half way, about 20 miles, I had over 40 reliable Indian soldiers. Crazy Horse then realized that he was practically a prisoner. At one time Crazy Horse dashed ahead and dis- appeared for a moment over the brow of a hill, 100 yards away. It was here he probably obtained a knife from an Indian family that was stam- peding to Spotted Tail. He was soon overhauled and said he went ahead ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p025.jpg) only to water his horse. He was then directed to ride immediately in rear of the ambulance, and he saw at once that he was closely guarded. He seemed nervous and bewildered, and his serious expression seemed to show that he was doubtful of the outcome. I tried to reassure his friends by telling them that I would do exactly as had been promised in presenting his case. When within 15 miles of Red Cloud I sent a note to Clark, by a swift Indian courier, asking whether I should take Crazy Horse to the post or the agency. I also stated, briefly and explicitly, that we had to use tact and discretion in securing Crazy Horse without precipitating serious trouble, and that we had promised him that he could state his case and wishes when we reached Red Cloud, and I requested that arrange- ments be made accordingly. When within four miles of Red Cloud I received this answer, in writ- ing. "Dear Lee: Gen. Bradley wishes you to drive direct to his office with Crazy Horse. Yours, Clark." I had built the post, and knew that the C.O.'s office was next to the guard house. This brief note, being silent as to the important part of my request, signified to my mind\that Crazy Horse was to be put in the guard house, but I still hoped that he would be allowed to say a few words in his own behalf. We proceeded to the post, my Indians on either side of the ambulance, with pieces ready for instant use, and Crazy Horse in the center. Upon arriving at the C.O.'s office I was met by the adjutant, who informed me[-] that the General directed that Crazy Horse be turned over to the officer of the day. I said, "No, not yet", and asked if Crazy Horse could say a few words to the C.O. (commanding officer) before this was done. I was referred to the General. I had Crazy Horse dismount, go into the office and sit down, and Swift Bear, Touch the Clouds, High Bear, Black Crow and Good Voice went in with him. I stationed an Indian soldier at the door with orders to admit no one while I was away. I then went to the Gener- al's quarters, some 200 yards distant, and, in earnest and respectful lan- guage preferred my request, and he informed me, in no doubtful terms, that it was "no use." The orders were peremptory; he could not change them; Gen. Crook, himself, could not change them, and nothing further need be said, and the sooner I turned over Crazy Horse the better. I tried to explain what had been done; just what had been said in securing Crazy Horse, to all of which the General said: "It's too late to have any talk". I replied: "Can he be heard in the morning?" The General looked at me steadily for an instant, but did not answer. I was again ordered to de- liver Crazy Horse to the officer of the day, and "tell him to go with the officer of the day and not a hair of his head should be harmed." General Bradley was every inch a soldier. An order to him was law and gospel and met with undeviating obedience, and woe betide the one who dared question, evade or fail in obeying his orders. I knew the Gen- eral too well to prolong the interview. I felt that as it must be done, "'Twere well 'twere quickly done," yet as I retraced my steps to the of- fice I had a glimmering hope that on the morrow Crazy Horse might be heard. I told Crazy Horse that the night was "coming on and that the soldier chief xxx said it was too late xx for a talk"; that he said for him to go with the officer of the day and he would be taken care of, and "not a hair of his head would be harmed". At the conclusion of my message the chiefs uttered a joyous "how", Crazy Horse,s face lighted up hopefully, and he stepped across the room to the door and took the officer of the day, Capt. Kennington, warmly by the hand. My duty, my military duty, was done, but I took Touch the Clouds and High Bear, Crazy Horse's friends, to one side to explain to ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p026.jpg) them, as best I could, the situation of affairs, and how it was that I was entirely subject to higher authorities there. Crazy Horse willingly went along with Capt. Kennington, closely fol- lowed by two soldiers of the guard, with side arms, straight to the guard house and into the main door. When he reached the prison room he saw the dungeon cells, the small grated window and some prisoners in irons, it was said. Across the puzzled brain of the Indian leader, whose life had been as free as the wind, there no doubt flitted the terrible [crossed out, illegible] thought of prison chains and ignominious death. To his mind he was, [crossed out, illegible] then and there, at last brought face to face with what the white man had in store for him. No doubt feeling that he was abandoned by his friends, alone in his extremity and surrounded by a score or more of his armed enemies, he sprang, with the desperation of an infuriated tiger, into the main guard room and, drawing from his clothing a long, glittering knife, attempted to plunge it into Capt. Kennington, but the Captain's drawn sword diverted this purpose. He then sprang outside, striking right and left among the guard and struggling to make his way to where his seven friends were. At this juncture Little Big Man, and erstwhile friend and warrior comrade of Crazy Horse, appeared on the scene. He seized Crazy Horse by the arm and attempted to force him to the ground. The great chief, even in his frenzy, was too magnanimous to try to seriously wound Little Big Man, but merely punctured his arm to free himself from his unwelcome, if not treacherous grasp. He then tried to kill a soldier of the guard who blocked his way. Swift Bear, Black Crow and Fast Thunder caught him, and in the struggle Capt. Kennington called out: "Kill him! Kill him! and just then an infantry soldier of the guard made a successful lunge and Crazy Horse fell, mortally wounded, with a deep bayonet thrust in his right side. The friendly Indians prevented Crazy Horse's friends from firing on the guard. All the Indians were taken by surprise, and upon press- ing appeal and earnest demand of his friends, Crazy Horse was carried into the office from whence he came. Confusion followed, troops turned out and pandemonium seemed to have broken loose in the populous Indian camps. Even the friendlies, though they disliked Crazy Horse, were not pleased with the result, and there was not much that could then be explained to their satisfaction. The uncle of Crazy Horse at once sought to take revenge, but two friendlies caught and led him away. Touch the Clouds asked permission to take Crazy Horse to an Indian lodge and let him die there, but it was refused. He then asked to remain in the office with him, and that was granted on condition that he give up his gun. I recall his remarkable reply: "You are many; I am only one. You may not trust me, but I will trust you. You can take my gun." Crazy Horse's old father and mother were also allowed to remain with him. About 10 p.m. Touch the Clouds sent word that Crazy Horse wished to see me before he died. I went to the office. Crazy Horse was lying on the floor, as he desired. He took my proffered hand and said, between his dying moans, "My friend, I don't blame you for this. Had I listened to you this trouble would not have happened to me." He died at Mid- night, and thus passed away the restless, untamed spirit of as brave an Indian chief as ever drew a bow or wore a moccasin. A field officer of <[---]tion (over)> the [illegible]Cavalry, then a captain of the 3rd Cavalry, informed me that his troop was detailed to take Crazy Horse from the guard house, that night at midnight, and push on rapidly to the railroad, and from there he was to be sent as a prisoner to the Dry Tortugas. Man- ifestly this was the mandatory order which Gen. Bradley had received from higher authority; and, of course, he could neither suspend nor mod- ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p027.jpg) Omitted paragraph Omitted by Gen Lee when he read the paper. After his death I was informed, and the state- ment is, I believe, in the official reports, that he had threatened to kill Gen. Crook should the General scold him or speak roughly to him, at a proposed council, to be held at Crazy Horse's camp, some days prior to this trouble. Gen. Crook was on his way, in an ambulance, to the camp without escort, for the talk, when one of the scouts, or some one who was watching Crazy Horse, met him with news of this impending danger, and the General returned to the post without meeting Crazy Horse. This may have all been true, but whether it was merely an idle threat, announced in a spirit of brovado, or if made and meant, he would have sought an excuse to carry it into execution, can never be known. (This paragraph Gen. Lee had marked out, with request to "omit". The basic of this is probably Frank Grouard's ri- diculous story, which he-Grouard-later published in his book). ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p028.jpg) ify it in any way. When Crazy Horse died Touch the Clouds shook hands with all present, thus showing that he had no bad heart toward any one. Crazy Horse's father made some pathetic remarks as to the life and character of his son. He asked that he might take the body away and give it an Indian burial, and consent was given. The offer of an ambulance was declined, and, at daylight, Sept. 6, the gray, bare-headed, wailing, wretched old father and mother followed, on foot, out of the post, the travois on which was lashed the body of their only son and protector. Their pit- iable condition appealed to the sympathy of every one, and, as they pas- sed Maj. Burrowe's quarters they were kindly offered something to eat, which they accepted with apparent gratitude, and then resumed their mournful journey. With respect to Crazy Horse I neither eulogize nor condemn. It may be said that he was an intractable Indian chieftan, a bitter hater of the pale faces, insensible to fear in battle and intensely fanatical in his religious devotions, from the Indian's standpoint. I have merely stated the facts as they occurred, mainly under my own observation, or as told to me by reliable eye witnesses. There is no Indian journalist, author or reporter to present the warlike chief's side of the story of his tragic fate. With the lapse of time his name and fame may linger for awhile in the traditions of his tribe, and then fade away forever. History will make but little record of him, save to note a point, per- haps, in the onward western march of our Christian civilization. While I would banish the remembrance of some things affecting me in this tragedy of long ago, yet, not for one instant would I utter aught of censure or reproach for mistakes which may have been made in the try- ing ordeal. Some of the prominent actors now sleep in honored graves. Let their errors, if they made them, be forgotten and recall only the great work they accomplished in solving the crucial problems of somewhat perilous times. Crazy Horse is forever at peace. He sleeps in an obscure and lone- ly Indian grave on the cliffs of Wounded Knee creek, where it may be that his hovering spirit, in the closing days of 1890 (the practical exter- mination of Big Foot's following) caught once more the white man's guns that sent to bloody graves in indiscriminate slaughter—of absolute necessity, be it said,—of a kindred band, imbued with the same fanaticism and contempt of death which had characterized his stormy life and marked his untimely end. Note.—Various sentences or parts of paragraphs marked thus X (throughout the paper were omitted by Gen. Lee when he read the paper ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p029.jpg) Jan. 4, 1913. Miss Mary C. Collins, 612 N. 13th Street, Keokuk, Iowa. Dear Madam:-- I have, at leisure times, for a good many years, been study- ing the Indian wars of the West, with a view to write a comprehensive History of the same. My methods/has been to visit the Indians, in order to be able, if possible, to look at things from their standpoint, as well as from that of our own race; and also to get their statement of facts pertaining to events. I have been among Indians a good deal--Sioux, Crows, Cheyennes, Arickarees, Nez Perce, Blackfeet and others, but principally the fight- ing Indians of the plains country. I am well acquainted with Sioux on Pine Ridge, Rosebud and Standing Rock reservations. I have several times seen your log mission building, on Grand River, and understand xx that your labors in that part of the country began when you had good opportunity to know some of the leading men of the Indian war days, and not long after they had given up war for peaceful modes of living. I therefore think that you have much knowledge of Indian character at a time that figured in the history of these people in an important manner. Several years ago it was suggested to me, by people living on Stand- ing Rock reservation, that I could gain much by seeing you and talking over such things with you. I have had you in mind all the while, but have not happened to be going your way, and have been a\pretty busy man at other occupations than that of history. I expect to be going through Keokuk, about the 15th of this month, on a trip to Kansas City and farther, and it would be convenient for me at that time to stop off and spend part of a day there. If it will be agreeable for you to see me, and if you expect to be in Keokuk about the time stated, I shall be pleased if you will let me know. I could, if you so desire, let you know, a day or two in advance, the exact time that more definitely about the time that I could call. Yours truly ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p030.jpg) Jan. 6, 1913. Mr. J. J. Peate, Beverly, Kans. Dear Sir:-- In connection with some history of the India wars that I have been working on for a long time, as a means of recreation, I am including an account of the fight at Beecher Island, in September, 1868. I find that survivors of the fight are not entirely in accord with pub- lished accounts that have been written by several parties, and I have, therefore, determined to get the facts. I have made a very careful study of the fight. Several years ago I went to the site of the battle and took photographs and made sketches, , measured distances, etc. I have talked with several survivors of the fight, on both sides, including Pliley, Shleshinger and Hurst, among the white men, besides several Sioux and Cheyennes who fought on the other side. Shleshinger and Hurst have told me that you have also made much of a study of the fight, having been there with the rescue party, and they have advised me to see you. In fact, I have had your name and address x on my "slate" for a long time, intending to make an effort to see you if I ever should be going your way. I now have planned a trip to Kan- sas City and Denver, and will be going through Salina about the 17th or 18th of this month. It would not, therefore, be far out of my way to take in Beverly as a side trip. If it will be agreeable for you to see me and discuss details of the fight, as you were given the facts when they were fresh in the minds of the survivors, I shall be pleased xx if you will so inform me, and let me know if you expect to be at home about the time stated. I am also informed that two or three survivors of the battle are living not far from you. I would be glad if you could tell me who these are, with their addresses. I am not a stranger in the western country. I have not only visited the site of nearly every one of the big Indian battles of the plains country, but have personal acquaintance with both white men and Indians who xxxx survived these battles. Hoping to hear from you, I am Yours truly, P.S. I saw Shleshinger just two weeks after you did, this last summer, in Cleveland. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p031.jpg) Jan. 11, 1913. Mr. George Bent, Colony, Okla. Dear Sir:-- In previous correspondence you have been kind enough to give me information on historical questions that I asked of you. I would like to ask if you ever heard any of the Indians tell of the fight in which Lieut. Kidder and a dozen or fifteen men were killed. It occurred on or near Beaver creek, in Kansas, in July, 1867. If so could you tell me to what tribe or band the Indians belonged who were i in this fight? Any particulars or details that you can give me of this incident will be appreciated. Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p032.jpg) I have at my old home in the Black Hills a small photo of Cal. Joe and his dog [---] in the fired in 1875. and other pictures. SAN FRANCISCO. JAN 14 1913 W. M. Camp, Dear Sir Yours of Jan. 10:: To. "California Joe." Etc. rec'd. "Joe" and "Calamity Jane" were our two prominent characters in the Black Hills Expedition of 1875. Following were the officials of the expedi- tion. Walter C. Jenny Chief Geologist, in charge. Henry Newton Asst Geologist. Horace C. Tuttle Chief Astronomer. and myself chief topographer. It was an independent survey or exploration. ordered by Pres. Grant: to settle this disputed point as to whether gold existed in the Black Hills in paying quantities. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p033.jpg) Gen. Custer in his expedition of 1874 having claimed to have 20 found it, while F. V. Hayden in charge of one of the Geological Surveys at Washington, claimed that he had thoroughly examined the country many years before, and that the "geological formation" was such that gold could not exist in paying quantities. Under this conflict of opinion. the government deemed best to send in out to determine the point. which we did in the following year 1875, sustaining Custers claims. The year 1874 while Custer was ex- ploring the Black Hills. I was a top- ographical engineer on the exploration of the 49°. Cav. or Br. American boundery from Labor of the Wood to the summit of the Rocky Mtns. 860 miles, and met and had a long talk with Custer at Ft. Lincoln Mt. that Fall on our return. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p034.jpg) By the way I never got around to the Crazy Horse story. what have you done about it. LOS VERJELS LAND AND WATER COMPANY A CALIFORNIA CORPORATION DIRECTORS Dr. V. T. McGillycuddy, President F. M. Turner - - - Vide-President . Earle Kelly - - - Treasurer W. H. Matson - - - - Secretary Bruce Bonny Geo. L. Bandy W. L. Hathaway LANDS SEVEN THOUSAND ACRES with ample water rights near Bangor in the Oroville citrus belt have been carefully selected and secured on the recommendation of experts, as being specially adapted for the growth of the Olive, Orange, Grapefruit, Lemon, Fig, English Walnut and many other varieties. The soil, from three to ten feet deep, is of a dark red, iron oxide nature, containing a high per cent of phosphates and nitrogen, over-lying a shattered porphyritic rock from ten to forty feet in depth, creating the ideal condition for sub-drainage and deep rootage. San Francisco,_________________191___ Although we were an independent expedition. we occupied offices in Washington. in the Winter of 1875-6. with Maj. J. W. Powell. Chief of the U. S. Geological Survey, and our report on the Expedition. a large one [---] map. Eli. war a few years subsequent published by the government under the [---] of the above survey. The same should be obtainable in many places. Gen. Custer [---] a very interesting report on his expedition of 1874 which you have I presume read. While we were in the Black Hills in 1875, Capt Teddy Egan with the gray troop of the 7:: Cav. paid us several visits. —Your [---] [---] [---] Gill[---] ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p035.jpg) you. Sheridan is credited with sending [---] into the Black Hills in 1874 to "find" gold, as a scheme, well knowing that the report of finding gold would [---] in the miners crowding in and forcing the opening up of the country and thus as an [---] wedge [---] up the great Sioux Reserve. looking toward a solution of the Indian question. The scheme worked admirably in opening up the country, but this stirred up Sitting Bulls resentment, hence our expedition and war of 1876, and [---] [---] death I knew Gruard, he was one of our scouts in '76 and subsequently, hardly reliabl where he was personally interested, he is I believe a Kanaka. Col. Rich. l. Dodge commanded our 1875 escort, and wrote an [---] book on that expedition, called on "The Plains", or the "Black Hills," or something. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p036.jpg) Bent Liet Kidder Colony, Oklahoma W.M. Camp Jan 17th 1913 Dear Sir I was with Black Kettlis Land of Cheyennes. On Canadian River at the time Lieut Kidder and his men were massacred near Beaver Creek. by Siouxs m[-]der Spotted Trail and [---] Killer and a War party of Cheyennes grow Tall Bull's Band of Dog soilders. There were 15 Cheyennes in the war party. Under Tobacco and Good Bear. were in this fight. Good Bear had his war horse Killed under him. Good Bear is living near here not language he was telling me about this fight. Lieut Kidder made good fight with his few men. Good Bear says he had very poor places to fight from, Wall Ravine. Sorral Horse great Sieuux Warrior was killed in this battle. Good Bear says this Man crawled right up against Kidder's man when one of soilders that him in had after this every Lady made charges on Kidder and his men Sioux Indian named Red Bead was with Kidder as guide. he was wounded, and asked for ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p037.jpg) One of his relatives. his nephew came up and shot him in head with pistol. He was mad at him for being with Troops. Good Bear seen all this. some Indian beauties saw Kidder with his little party coming towards the Village Good Bear says these beauties came by when they were Camp (village). and told them (Sioux village) soldiers were coming. Good Bear says they had just got to the Sioux Village and had their horses stalled out near so they jumped on their horses and rode up on hill and seen Kidders Troops than they made charges towards Kidder and his men. mean time large body of Sioux commenced charging up. Good Bear says Kidders men opened fire on them first. After the Sioux came up. at this first fire Good Bear's horse was killed under him. [---] had his few war horses killed same time. he says soldiers had not got excited and were doing good shooting, when the Siouxs got all [---] then. Than they did not do so well Good Bear says. Red Bead was very foolish for leading Kidder towards this big Sioux Village Respectfully General Bent ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p038.jpg) STATE HISTORICAL AND MISCELLANEOUS LIBRARY W.Y. PEMBERTON, LIBRARIAN BOARD OF TRUSTEES. FRANK H. WOODY, PRESIDENT J.U SANDERS W.M. BIGGS R. LEE WORD L.S. WILLSON HELENA. MONTANA. Feb. 10, 1913 Mr. W. M. Camp, Chicago, Ill. Dear Sir: In reply to your postal; we have a file of the Bozeman Times for 1876. Very truly yours, W.Y. Pemberton Librarian. J ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p039.jpg) Helena Ing Helena ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p040.jpg) Feb. 22, 1913. Mrs. Lyman A. Stilwell, 1316 Second St., Ny Minneapolis, Minn. Dear Madam: -- I think you will recall, from previous correspondence, that I had met your father, Mr. F. F. Gerard, and talked with him a good deal on historical matters. I called on him last summer, and he then requested that I write an obituary notice, to be published in the St. Paul Pioneer Press and the St. Louis Republic, after his death. At the time of his death I was away from home, and did not learn of it until some time after notice of it had appeared in the St. Paul papers, but I have kept my agreement, and have forwarded to the papers mentioned a considerable account of his life and experiences, as he told them to me. They should appear some time this week. In 1909 I met F.F.Gerard, Jr., in Seattle, and in the same year I saw your mother and other brother, but I regret to say that I did not make note of their initials. I was, therefore, not able to give the names of all of the children in the newspaper account. I wish, as a favor, that you would give me the full names of each of these, in order that I may have it on file with other data that I ob- tained from your father. Thanking you for any assistance in this matter, I remain Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p041.jpg) St Matthew's Rectory, East Strongs Bay, Ca. 45 Ridgeway Dr Feb, 24th 1913, Dear Mr. Camp, Your letter of Feb. 19th recieved, I remember hearing the names "Strike-the-Bear" & "Red-Star", while at the Fort Berthold (Ree) Reservation, but I do not recall seeing the men, & I think they must have died before I went to Fort Berthold (in 1889) they certainly did not die while I was there (from 1889 to 1897.), It is very possible that the Indian custom of having several names may have mixed matters a little, & I might have known those Indians by other names, &, even when I heard the names you mention, did not connect them with anyone that I knew, I have known Indians for several years, by one or two of their names, & have heard their other names mentioned, even in their presence, without connecting the names with the men I knew & ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p042.jpg) only after several years, could connect the men with all of their names. Sometimes the scouts were known by their "nick-names," Custer's chief Ree scout (killed with him) was Bloody Knife, whose son is, I think, still living at Fort Berthold. The War Department must have the names of all the Indian scouts, &, by getting the names from the War Department, & then making inquiries about them from old men living at the Reservation from which they came, you might find what other names they had. You will surely find several names for each Indian, "Ree" is an abbreviation of "Sickaree," I do not know enough about the Ree language to be sure of the origin of the name, the Rees are a branch of the Pawnees, & are still called, among the Sioux, by the same name as the Pawnees - Palini, or Tadani, When your "History of the 7th Cavalry" is published, please let me know the name & address of the publishers, so I can get a copy. With kindest wishes, I am, as ever, Very Sincerely yours, Francis Croft, Francis Croft ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p043.jpg) The address of Charles Gerard Florence D. Gerard and Ella S. Gerard (Mrs F. F. G) 2933 5th Ave S., Minneapolis, Minn. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p044.jpg) Ago. [-]_____________________________ ----------------------------------------------------- No. ________________________ ______________________________________$_______________________ _____________________________________DOLLARS. [-] [-] AND SAVINGS BANK,[-] ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p045.jpg) Minneapolis Minn. Feb. 25th 1913 F. F. Gerard's White Family W. M. Camp. Dear Sir - Your letter of the 22, at hand in reply will say, that there was a small artical in the M'p'l's Sunday Tribune of Feb 2nd but we did not mentions the names of the family for the reason that we did not have the means with which to care for father (with) and were more than grieved to think of his having to accept charity when he was once ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p046.jpg) so well off. At one time you might say we owned all of Mandan N. H. but had investment etc. reduced us to almost poverty. My mothers name was Ella Scarborough Wadde ll. Her mother was Ann Temprence Drummond of the F. F. V's own cousin to Henry A. Wise of V.a. my eldest brother is Frederic Custer's, Mine Birdie Ella next in age, then Charles Drummond and Florence Drummond ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p047.jpg) I have a book called Collections of the State Historical Society Vol 1. In which I notice my father has contributed quite a little to, but side of that I only know what I have read or father told me. My mother has a great deal but she seems to want to be paid for it says she will not let any one have it other wise. She has Custers picture, Indian Chiefs ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p048.jpg) old forts and log houses but I cannot obtain any of these. Yours respectfully Mrs. L Stilwell 1423-5th St. M ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p049.jpg) Wolf Mountains Battlefield 1353 Sine Street Denver Colo. 3/8 1913 Mr. W. M. Camp Chicago Ill. My Dear Sir, I would have forwarded the endeavors before but the fact is I had missplaced your card here losing your address. Now: The battle field of wolf mountain is from three to five miles above the mouth of Hanging womans to a tributary of Taryne river from the east it is to [---] emerges from the canōn the battle commenced, a short distance up the river the valley opens end. The principle ground covered was on the bluff is the East or right bank of the river, as shown by our odomiter measurment is is between 100 & 110 miles from mouth of Toryne river. after the battle the commoners mixed up the river 100 12 miles to assure [---] that the Indians were gone. The black friend though blamed gives a good discription of the field and ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p050.jpg) location of the troops, Locate Hanging [---] creek and you will have no trouble in locating the Battlefield. Traveling the information will follow you I am very [---] Frank D, Baldwin U.S.G, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p051.jpg) SAN FRANCISCO, MAR 12, 1913 W. M. Camp, Dear Sir Your interesting letter of 5" reed Gen. Sheridan, with whom I naturally had more or less intercourse with in those days, and who always strongly backed me in the policy I adopted in handling the Red Cloud Sioux. naturally decided that the only way to avoid everlasting conflict between the rapacious setlers drifting West into the Indian country was to submit to the pressure of the march of our "civiliz- ation". "Westward the Star of Empire wends its way." [---], and move to another region brave and resulting bands of Indians such as the Northern Cheyennes, Nez Perce, [--] who were naturally prone to defend what ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p052.jpg) they comidered their title to their loved hunting grounds. It was not a question of right, it was a necessary and expedient question of submitting to the inevitable law of might, it was civilization, with the bible in one hand and a club in the other. "believe as I do, or I will break your d—n skull" Calamity Jane, who was reputed to be a daughter of a Sargeant Canary in the army at Ft. Larmie Wyoming, joined our Black Hills expedition at Ft. Laramie in the Spring of 1875. She was then I think about 20 years of age, was a camp follower, the only woman in the party, dressed in soldiers clothes, rode a horses straddle, could drink, and swear "like a trooper", and "attached" herself to a sargeant of this 3d Cavalry. She staid with us all Summer and returned with us to Laramie in the Fall. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p053.jpg) I did not see her again until late in September 1876, when she joined the '76 expedition. Crooks, in the Northern Black Hills, when we reached that region on our famous starvation march, after leaving Terrys command on the Yellowstone, and striking out for Ft. Robinson Nebraska, on that march we lived on horse meat, prarie dogs, and prickly pear or thorny Cactus leaves. The last I saw Calamity was in Deadwood in 1897, when she sent for "Cap't Gillicuddy" to get her out of jail for being on a spree. She was a heavy old woman then, was travelling on her old record with Wild West Shows, and died in poverty and dissipation a few years later. She was a typical frontier camp follow- er, a type by herself, tough and rough in her ways, but kind hearted, always ready to help or nurse a sick soldier or miner, and ready to go on a spree when necessity required or opportunity offered. The soldier, and frontierman always stood by Calamity. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p054.jpg) So Frank Gruard is dead. I know him very well, and it was always a question in my mind whether he was as claimed a Kanaka, or as was stated that his right name was Brunard, and of mixed Indian, negro, and French blood. He was reputed to have been raised by Sitting Bulls people, and subsequently deserting them. In 1876 he was one of our scouts, and his knowledge of the Indians, his training and knowledge of the country made him very useful. When it came to voracity and actual courge he was Caching. I well remember the day in September 1877 at Ft. Robinson Neb. when the Northern Chief Crazy Horse lay wounded in front of the Guard House, and as [--] a fellow said "H--l was popping", and it appeared to devolve on me to explain matters to Crazy Horses follower, who hemmed us in. I saw Gruards frightened face protruding from around the corner of the Comminy building one hundred feet away, and I signalled for him to come ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p055.jpg) and interpret. he weakened and would not come. but I finally secured my own interpreter Provost. Withall however Gruard was an in- valuable man, in many ways. I must get around to the Crazy Horse matter some day. There was I think a conspiracy to get rid of Crazy Horse. Back of it was Gruard's fear of his life for having betrayed Sitting Bull with whom Crazy Horse was affiliated. Red Clouds jealousy fearing that Gen. Crook was going to supplant him with Crazy Horse as a matter of politics, to placate the Northern hostile Sioux. And Crazy Horse's suspicion that he was to be "railroaded" South to the Indian Territory which I may state was well grounded. When I sat upu that night with the party comistery of Crazy Horse Touch the Cloud and the old man Crazy Horse, and the son died at 11 p. m. of the bayonet wound. the old man talked quite freely to me ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p056.jpg) Us for pictures. I regret that the one of California Joe, and Calamity are packed away in my old home in the Black Hills. I have however a recent picture of myself. I have a pretty good group photo here of the officers of the 3d Cav. [---] in the Big Horn mountains about a month after the Custer fight in 1876. we [---] a tough looking crowd, and it may be interesting the type of cavalry of those days. Also a tin type showing myself and my improv[-]ed "cabin" of pine boughs, in it you would hardly recognize the surgeon of the 2d & 3d Cav. of 750 men, on the starvation march of 1876, it is unique as a specimen. You are welcome to the use of any of them. I wish that I could meet and talk with you some time Yours truly V.T. McGillycuddy ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p057.jpg) March 14th 1913 Mrs. Stilwell, 1423--5th St.N. Minneapolis, Minn. Dear Madam:-- I have delayed answering your letter of the 7th in order to investigate the matter referred to therein, and so far, I have been unable to learn that any communication from Mr. W. M. Camp was ever re- ceived by us. Sincerely regretting that we cannot be of service to you in the matter, I am, Respectfully, J---Rigar-- Circulation Manager. Dic.JMR/AB. Mr Camp. Dear sir:— I wrote for the Pioneer Press but cannot obtain any information or a copy of any paper with the notice of my fathers death or any material furnished as you refer to in your letter of Feb. 22. Yours truly Mrs. Stilwell nee Gerard. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p058.jpg) March 16, 1913. Gen. Frank D. Baldwin, 1353 Vine St., Denver, Colo. Dear Sir:— I thank you for your letter of 8th inst. describing the site of the battle of Wolf Mountain, and the blue print accompanying it. The course of the stream and the topography seem to be so carefully drawn that I think I will have no trouble in locating the place and connecting it with the government survey, whih I see now covers that part of the country. Wherever I can do so I am locating these western battlefields down to the section or quarter section of the government survey. I gather from the map that the Indians were in the hills or bluffs on both sides of the Tongue when the fight opened. If I am wrong about this, please correct me). ; also, that the principal fighting was right at the camp and the bluff immediately to the east of the same. One thing more, please: I see that the site of the camp and the place that you have marked "battlefield" are on a circular plateau or bench to the east of the river (right bank). This circular plat would appear to be about 1/2 or 3/4 mileiin diameter. Could you now recall approxi- mately how much higher this circular plat was than the river; in other words, was it down near the level of the stream or a considerable elev- ation above it? Thanking you for additional information covering these points, I am Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p059.jpg) Battle of "WOLF MTS." BETWEEN GENERAL COMMAND AND "CRAZY HORSES" CALL ALLAS & CHEYENNES AN [----] 1877 1877 Wyoming LEGEND Capt. Oasey Co. "K" 5th Butler [-] Co. "K" 5th Dickey Co Co. "K" 22th Liuet Pope A Co. "K" 5th Liuet Carter Co. "K" 5th Mc Donald Co. "D." 5th Cusick Co "F." 22 Harcous 5th Indians [---] 2 inches to 1 mile ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p061.jpg) 1353 Vine St Denver Colorado March 19[-] 1913 Mr W. M. Camp. Chicago Dear Sir. Replying to yours of 16[-] Inst. I will state that you are correct in your proposition that the site of the Battlefield of Wolf Mountain was on a circular plateau or bench to the east of the river which as I now recall is from 30 to 50 ft above the valley, of course the Indians were on the Exterior lines and in the blufs. The first high bluff as indicated occupied by E[---] Co. [-]. 5 [---]ty was realy the key to the position and was held by him throughout the battle, from there on to the left the fighting was most score, you will easily locate this point and it is where the initial point should be located. Capt Butlers Co. who at first located in the Valley at the foot of the hill occupied by Ewers, but as the Indians threatened our left he was ordered to the extream left as indicated on map, I am pleased that the information is satisfactory, but dont forget that we had no mounted troops with us. It was an Infantry fight, de-factor. Yours truly, Frank D. Baldwin U.S.A, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p062.jpg) Wolf Mtn—Baldwin ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p063.jpg) [Column 1] W. M. CAMP 7740 UNION AVENUE CHICAGO, ILL. [Stamp printed upside down] HIGHLAND STA R APR 25 1913 [Column 2] [Stamp hand] RETURNED TO WRITER In 1914 get adress in Minneapoli's M ST Paul directory & forward the letter & send [---] of story Mrs. Lyman A. Stilwell, 1423 5th Street, N., Minneapolis, Minn. [Stamp printed upside down, circle] MINNEAPOLIS, MINN. APR 30 [---] 1913 [Column 3] [Stamp in circle] CHICAGO ILL APR 24 11-[---] 1913 [Stamp of George Washington profile] U. S. POSTAGE 2 CENTS ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p064.jpg) 7740 Union Ave., Chicago, Ill., April| 24, 1913. Mrs. Lyman A. Stilwell, 1423 5th Street, N., Minneapolis, Minn. Dear Madam:-- I regret that absence from the city has prevented earlier reply to your notation on the letter of the circulation manager of the St. Paul Pioneer press, of Marth 14, to the effect that he could not find that any communication had been received from me concerning the life and works of your father. Mr. F. F. Gerard. Let me tell you that matter sent to a newspaper and not used by the editor is thrown into the waste basket and forthwith forgotten. This occurs so many times each day with the editors of a city newspaper that no one acquainted with their work would expect them to recall a matter of this kind longer than a day or two, if that long. Your father requested me to send obituary notices of him to the St. Paul Pioneer Press and the St. Louis Republic. I promised to do so and kept my promise. I prepared an account about 3 1/2 columns long, and on Feb. 24 mailed copies of it to the following newspapers:-- St. Paul Pioneer Press St. Louis Republic Chicago Tribune New York Herald National Tribune (of Washington, D. C.) I cannot find that any of these papers used the matter. I know that the first three and the last named did not, but I have never made an effort to find out whether or not the New York Herald did, but I would presume not. There are but few people these days who take an interest in history, and the newspapers are not looking for that kind of material. They prefer something that is livelier and more nearly up to date, like a prize fight or some gossop or scandal involving a wealthy family. The average reader of the daily papers likes to read that kind of stuff and so the editors give them plenty of it, to the exclusion of much other matter of a more substantial kind that is offered for publication. I took the precaution, in every one of my letters to the above-named papers, to state that I did not expect pay for the story submitted. (over) ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p065.jpg) I regret that none of the newspapers used the matter that I sent them or even part of it. Seeing that the Historical Society of North Dakota has already published a sketch of your father, with a portrait, I hardly think that my story of his life would be acceptable. At any rate, I will use the matter fully in my history of the Indian wars of the West, which will probably not be published for two or three years. I have received your letter of Feb. 25 giving me the names of your brothers and sister and your mother's maiden name, for which I thank you. I am acquainted with the bridge engineer J. A. L. Waddell, in Kan- sas City, and am just wondering whether your mother may belong to the same family. Yours truly, W. M. Camp. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p066.jpg) F. F. Gerard 7740 Union Ave., Chicago, Ill., April\24, 1913. Mrs. Lyman A. Stilwell, 1423 5th Street, N., Minneapolis, Minn. Dear Madam:-- I regret that absence from the city has prevented earlier reply to your notation on the letter of the circulation manager of the St. Paul Pioneer Press, of March 14, to the effect that he could not find that any communication had been received from me concerning the life and works of your father, Mr. F. F. Gerard. Let me tell you that matter sent to a newspaper and not used by the editor is thrown into the waste basket and forthwith forgotten. This occurs so many times each day with the editors of a city newspaper that no one acquainted with their work would expect them to recall a matter of this kind longer than a day or two, if that long. Your father requested me to send obituary notices of him to the St. Paul Pioneer Press and the St. Louis Republic. I promised to do so and kept my promise. I prepared an account about 3 1/2 columns long, and on Feb.24 mailed copies of it to the following newspapers:-- St. Paul Pioneer press St. Louis Republic Chicago Tribune New York Herald National Tribune (of Washington, D.C.) I cannot find that any of these papers used the matter. I know that the first three and the last named did not, but have never made an effort to find out whether or not the New York Herald did, but I would presume not. There are but few people these days who take an interest in history, and the newspapers are not looking for that kind of material. They prefer something that is livelier and more nearly up to date, like a prize fight or some gossip or scandal involving a wealthy family. The average reader of the daily papers likes to read that kind of stuff and so the editors give them plenty of it, to the exclusion of much other matter of a more substantial kind that is offered for publication. I took the precaution, in every one of my letters to the above-named papers to state that I did not expect pay for the story submitted. (over) ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F21_B1a_F22_p067.jpg) I regret that none of the newspapers used the matter that I sent them, or even part of it. Seeing that the Historical Society of North Dakota has already published a sketch of your father, with a portrait, I hardly think that my story of his life would be acceptable. At any rate, I will use the matter fully in my history of the Indian wars of the West, which will probably not be published for two or three years. I have received your letter of Feb. 25 giving me the names of your brothers and sister and your mother's maiden name, for which I thank you. I am acquainted with the bridge engineer J.A.L. Waddell, in Kan- sas City, and am just wondering whether your mother may belong to the same family. Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p001.jpg) HELENA, MONTANA, May 1, 1913 Mr. W. M. Camp, Chicago, Ill. Dear Sir: In reply to your letter in regard to issue of Bozeman Times of July 3, 1876, we have no paper for that date. Our issue for July 6 gives an account of the Custer battle and there is mention of an extra paper having been published Sunday at 10 P.M. which would have been the 2nd, as the 6th was Thursday. There may possibly be a file of the Bozeman Times in Bozeman at some newspaper offices or some old time res- ident may have a copy, if you to whom to apply. We are sorry not to be of any assistance to youand remain, very truly yours, Nez Pemberton Librarian. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p002.jpg) Inq Helena ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p003.jpg) [Address] W. M Camp 7740 Union Ave Chicago Conrad Saw your account of Custes fight and will say that it is true in every respect I [---] Gerr[-]rd very well he lived in [---] near the Post and I knew most of the scouts one scout maned Snow was a tall man Blond and married to an[---] from H[---] What will be the cost of the History of the 7 cav [---] that you are well and will cont[---] [---]. K[---] regards from me did you know Goff the Photographer that was at fort Lincoln he now is living in B[--]se City I date address [--]Goff 2170 north 19 st [---] [---] Idah ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p004.jpg) From your old friend J W Burkett Sergt Troop 1, 7 Ca[-] 235 Granite St Pacific Grove. Cal 5/9/13 J. W. Burkett [Photographs of a building and the surrounding landscape. One photo includes the following text: GLIMPSES OF HOTEL del MONTE Monterey, Cal.] ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p005.jpg) 7740 Union Ave., Chicago, Ill., May 24, 1913. Mr. George Bent, Colony, Okla. Dear Sir:-- I have received your letter of Jan. 17, giving me information of the fight in which Lieut. Kidder was killed, and for which I thank you. There is just one thing in your account of it that I am not sure that I clearly understand, and\that is in regard to the purpose of the Sioux Guide Red Bead in leading Kidder toward the Sioux village. Did Red Bead know that he was near the village, or was Kidder intending to attack the village? In other words, did Red Bead make the mistake through ignorance of the situation, or did he know the village was there? In May, 1869, some Indians made a raid on the Saline valley, in Kansas, and carried off captive two white women. Both of these were married women, their husbands being killed by the raiders. Can you tell me what Indians these were that made that raid, and did you ever hear what became of the women? The name of one of these women was Weitzel and the other was Alderdice. I will thank you for my information that you can give me regarding these matters. I hope some day to be able to see you and talk over his- torical matters of the Indian country in detail. Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p006.jpg) 7740 Union Ave., Chicago, Ill., May 25, 1913. Col. J. W. Redington c/o General Delivery, San Diego, Cal. Dear Sir:-- Your letter of Jan. 24 arrived while I was out of the city, and I did not return for a month. Subsequent engagements out of the city have prevented me from following up my historical studies until yesterday. I thank you for the names suggested to me as sources of possible pictures that I might want, and for the prospect that you may find some among your own collection. So far as Joseph is concerned, I already have three quite good photographs of him, all different poses, so that I do not need to borrow any of him. I am desirous of getting pictures of Alokut, his brother; Looking Glass, White Bird, Hushhush Keut and Tuhulhul Tsot. If you should find any of these I will consider it a favor if I may borrow the same from you. You also speak of having pictures of scouts who served with the 7th Cavalry in 1877, fighting the Nez Perces. I would be pleased to receive copies of these for reproduction, and any accounts of scouting, such as you refer to in your letter. Thanking you, in advance, for any courtesies that you can do me, I am Yours truly, W. M. Camp. . ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p007.jpg) Dear Sir:-- I am writing a history of the 7th U. S. Cavalry, and in that connection am looking up veterans of the Indian wars in the West. It is desired to locate as many survivors of the 7th Cavalry campaigns as pos- sible, and particularly the men named below. The letter of the company in which each of these men served follows the name. ENLISTED MEN OF THE 7TH CAVALRY [Column 1] Watson, James (C) De Lacy, Milton (I) Abbots, Harry (E) Ackison, David (E) Anderson, Chas. L. (C) Arnold, Herbert (C) Brandle, Wm. (C) Braun, Francz C. (I) Brennan, John (C) Brown, Chas. (Com. Sgt.) Brunns, Augustus (E) Causby, Thos. (Q. M. Sgt.) Chapman, Wm. H. (E) Corcoran, John (C) Culbertson, Ford. A. (A) Downing, Alexander (F) Drago, Henry (F) Eades, William (F) Farber, Conrad (I) Farrer, Morris (C) Fehler, Henry (A) Finnegan, Thos. J.(F) Fisher, Chas. (M) Fowler, Isaac (C) [Column 2] Fox, Frederick (I) Gaffney, George (I) Gossbacher, George(I) Gilbert, Julius (E) Grimes, Andrew (I) Haack, Chas. L. (I) Haywood, Geo. (I) Hagner, Francis (F) Hill, James (E) Howard, Frank (F) James, John (E) Johnson, Benj. (G) Johnson, Francis (I) Jones, Henry P. (I) Kane, William (C) Klein, Nicholas(F) Lang, Henry (E) Lee, Mark E. (I) Lovett, Meredith (C) Lyona, Bernard (F) Mc Call, Joseph (I) Mc Creedy, Thos. (C) Mc Curry, Joseph (H) [Column 3] Mc Ginnis, John (I) Mc Kenna, John (E) Mc Nally, James P. (I) Meinike, Ernest (F) Meyers, Frank (F) Miller, Edwin (O) Miller, Henry (E) Miller, Wm. E. (I) Mullen, Martin (C) Murphy, Lawrence (E) Myers, Fred (I) Nitsche, Ottocar (C) Orr, Charles M. (C) Owens, U. G. (I) Pandtle, Christopher (E) Piokard, Edwin H. (F) Piloher, Albert (F) Ramsey, Charles (I) Reese, William (E) Reiley, Michael (F) Rivers, John (I) Robb, Eldorado I. (G) Saas, William (I) Schlieper, Claus (F) [Column 4] Sohutte, Frederick (F) Shaw, Eli (C) Spencer, Abel B. (B) Starck, Frank (C) Steck, Chas. A. (C) Stein, Chas. A. (Vet. Surg.) Strode, Elijah T. (A) Sweeney, John W. (F) Sweeney, William (F) Taylor, Walter O. (G) Thomas, Herbert P. (F) Thorp, Michael (F) Tritten, J. G. (Saddle Sgt.) Vahlert, Jacob (C) Vinateri, Felix (Band) Von Arnim, Julius (C) Walker, Robert (C) Wallace, John W. (G) Walsh, Thomas (F) Weaver, George (M) Weaver, Henry C. (M) Wells, John S. (E) Whittaker, Alfred (C) Woodruff, Jerry (E) CIVILIAN PACKERS Wagner, J. C. Churchill, B. G. Flint, Moses E. Fretts, John Lamplough, John Lawless, William Loeser, Chris Moore, E. L Mc Bratney, H. OTHER REGIMENTS Benjamin F. Stewart and William Evans, of Co. E, 7th Infantry, and any other men of that company; any men of Co. B, 6th Infantry. Persons to whom any of the above names are known will confer a favor by giving information as to whether or not the party is living and the address when last heard from; or the name and address of some member of the family. Yours truly, (over) ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p008.jpg) Colony Oklahoma May 27th 1913 W. M. Camp Dear Sir I received your letter of May 24th. Lieut Kidder as I understood was Expecting to meet some troops on Beaver Creek as he was sent for this purpose and was not looking for Indians as he only had few men with him and Red Bead for guide. Red Bead did not know he was near Fig Village of his own people Sioux at the time he was not serving towards this Village. Was 8 or 10 Miles of it when Sioux buffalo hunters seen them in Divide of Beaver Creek. These hunters saw them along aways Good Bear Cheyenne was with the Siouxs. him and war party of Cheyenes were stoping edge of Sioux Village. he says there hunters came by and told them soldiers were in sight and told them where they seen them Good Bear says it did not take his party long to get their war Riggs and Jump on their horses when they rode up on ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p009.jpg) high Hill they could see Kidder and his men in divide. he says Siouxs told them that Red Bead was Ignorant and was not very bright Indian. Red Bead was hung in around the Forts. his own nephew shot him in head. he was already badly wounded than and he told the Siouxs that he was badly wounded at the time Red Bead and Lieut Kidder did not know they were recieving into big Village so the Indians ay. That was very foolish for Commanding Officer to ever send Kidder into Country where it was full of Hostile Indians at that time, even it was not safe to 2 or 3 companies at that time these live while women were captured by Cheyennes. I understood they traded them off to Siouxs Respectfully George Berit I do not knew of any old soldier of yet out in thes [---] Geor ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p010.jpg) 1532 E Street, San Diego, Cal., 7/23, '13. Dear Mr. Camp: In ans. to yr letr May 25 wld say have not been able to strike the trail of any of the troopers on your roll, but am still looking for hosstrax. My Indian pictures are in soak in my trunk in storage, but hope to soon bail them out; meantime write Major Lee Moorehouse, Pen- dleton, Oregon. He told me he would accm. U all he could. Yes, I will be glad to hammer out some stuff about "Scouting With the Sev. Cav." When do you have to have the copy? Pl. Let me know the last moment when U will sound taps on it. U C, our outfit collided with the 7th on the Upper Yellowstone, and scouted ahead of it during rest of Nez Perce War. Wishing U a Mer. Ch. and Hap. 4 July, V. T. Y., J. W. REDINGTON. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p011.jpg) [Postal stamp with face of McKinley on it] W. M. Camp, Author, 7740 Union Ave., Chicago, Ill. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p012.jpg) West Newton, Mass., July 29, 1913. Mr. W. M. Camp, letter mailed 9/5/13 and answered 9/12 Dear Sir, I have not heard from you for a long time, and I thought I would write and find out if you ever published the book that you were getting information for, and if so where I could procure a copy. Hoping to hear from you soon, I remain, Yours respectfully, John Ryan, Rtd. Capt. of Police, Box 85, West Newton, Mass. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p013.jpg) 7740 Union Ave., Chicago, Ill., Aug. 26, 1913. Gen. Hugh L. Scott, Ft. Bliss, Tex. Dear Sir:-- Since I saw you last, which must have been two or three years ago, I have been twice to see the Nez Perces in re the fighting of 877, and have found my trips well worth the\while. I am wondering about the Nez Perces whom you captured on Milk river a few days after the surrender of Joseph, referred to on page 17 of your "Military Record": whether they were part of the band who es- caped with White Bird; and what they were doing where you found them; that is, why they did not go on with him and make their escape across the line, as White Bird did: or did they get away from Miles independent- ly of White Bird, and at another time: and were there any fighting men with them. If matters along the border do not keep you too busy, I wish you could give me a little light on these questions. Although I am very tardy in doing so, I wish to congratulate you on the deserved recognition which, at last, you have received from the war department. Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p014.jpg) Portland, Eugene & Eastern Railway Company Robert. E. Arahorn President Portland, Ore. Aug. 30, 1913 W. M. Camp, Esq., 7740 Union Avenue, Chicago, Ill. Dear Sir: Referring to yours of the 26th instant, asking for certain facts in connection with the campaigns of General Crook, and answer- ing your inquiries categorically. I went through those campaigns for following newspapers: Rocky Mountain News, Denver, Chicago Tribune and New York Times. The matter which would be of greatest interest to you appeared in the Rocky Mountain News from about January 1st, until about July 1st, 1876, and in the Chicago Tribune and New York Times from about June 1st, 1876 to about October 1876. I was with General Reynolds' command on March 16, 17 and 18, 1876 on Powder River, during which days the chief incident was the destruction of the Cheyenne Camp. However, you have evidently enough knowledge of the general situation to know that the batallion immediately under General Reynolds failed to get into action until it was about over and that the work was practically all done by Captain Teddy Egan and his company of Egan Grays, whom I accompanied on a charge into the Cheyenne Camp. I regret that I have nothing at hand in regard to the three enlisted men you mention being sent as messengers from Terry to Crook, and a few days later some Crow Indians on the same mission, through country over run by the Sioux, in July 1876. I know that ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p015.jpg) W. M. C. — — during June and July both General Crook and General Terry were trying, through such messengers and scouts, to get in touch with each other, and that men who were sent out by General Crook, with whose command I was constantly, were generally driven back by the hostiles. The above answers your question about Kelly. I recollect the name of this man but am not sure about the details. Doubtless you have gotten John G. Burke's book "Campaigning with Crook", which will give you a good many details of these particular campaigns. It might be that if I had access to your matter after it is ready for publication, I could supply some interesting details or make some corrections, as all such matters tend to refresh one's memory. This I would cheerfully do, if you desire. Yours truly, RES—D. Robert E. Strahorn Robert E. Strahorn ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p016.jpg) SAN FRANCISCO, AUG 29 1913 W. M. Camp. Dear Sir, Yours of Aug. 24th and photographs rec'd, and am pleased that they were of use to you. I would locate the Crazy Horse camp a letter down stream from present town of Crawford. The Roman Nose killed at Slim Bu[---] was Roman Nose No. 2 and of not as much prominence as the one who framed in Kansas. If I can assist you at any time call on me. Yours truly V. T. McGillycuddy ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p017.jpg) [column one] The troops - I remember I was by myself for awhile and ran across a dead & scalped Indian lying inthe sage brush on the n. side of Milk River- he had on only a pr of soldiers woolen stocking captured at [---] [-]land— I looked about and found 4 more. kept in my [---] mystified as to who had killed the Indians & even who the <[dead]> Indians were I saw an Indian camp ahead & found it to belong to the assinboins- [Column two] Fort Bliss Texas Sept 2 1913 My dear Mr Camp Your letter of the 26th has arrived and I thank you very much for your kind words about my promotion I was coming from the West with DeRudio who commanded "E" Troop. 7 cav- and was pos[---] about with six men some miles ahead of ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p018.jpg) The said came Naz Perce's (5) had come ahead of Joseph asuring assistance against the whites - the [---] held a council amoung themselves - the conclusion of which was that they had no greviance against the whites and did not propose to involve themselves in a Naz Perce's affair but would advise the Nez Perce's to go while guo Veulie camp who might take their side - not for themselves they woned not - but they admonished each other to give the Nez Perce deligation a good deciever "give them the best you have got - for it is the last one they will ever eat" then after the Nez Perce's had stated for gues Veulieof Prairie camp & had gotten clear away from the assistance camp as hospitality demanded some every young men saddled up, followed them out [---] scalped them i such was life in the far west in these days So you see I was coming from the west & men maus who was coming from the East - he had about a doz men wounded - had a pack horse with a gummy sack full of cracker dust - and in buffalo [---] for bedding - Indians have anything because I had not intended when I ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p019.jpg) [Column 1] Nez Perce' John [---] captured in the fight—We learned that a lot of fugitives were in the Red River halfbreed camp some distance down Milk River & I told mans I was going with him & sent word to DeRudio where I was going—I dont know how I sent it or how I got word to meet him near 3 Peoples Buttes down between the Bear Paw & Little Rocky mountains and [---] & I started after the fugitives expecting to fight them—and possibly the Red River half needs also- but it turned out [Column 2] left the troop (which was following me) to stay out that night—I dont remember where my six men came from—but I do remember sitting out side the stockade [illegible deletion] of Old Fort Belkuap with moves & discussing the situation—he had come from Miles camp with orders to get the fugitives from the fight—White Bird had gotten us with alot of others & no one knew where they were—M[---] had two Nez Perce scouts with him Tippit and ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p020.jpg) otherwise—they had a lot of women & children [-]i[-]is hired some Red River carts to carry them—it had gotten very cold then [--]us & I had [---] me were & two saddle blankets * [-]haps together shivering all night—we s[--]ed buffalo & Eat [---] staight without salt—[---] cracker dust som gave out - & we wrapped the children in green buffalo hides to keep them from freezing—it took some days todo this & get down to 3 Peoples Buttes—expecting to meet DeRudis—we h[--] did not get there for a day or so—We expected the Sioux would wa[-]e trouble for us—Sitting Bull with [-]me 1200 lod[-]es was just across the border we kept hearing he was coming down to do something to us—but he did not come & we got safely to the 7th c[--] camp near the mouth of the muscleshell in the Missouri—while discussing the Sitting Bull matter I said to Nez Percé John "John how would you like to go up & fight the Sioux with us—? John replied with much emphasis "Oh by God, thats too much—too much fight—Eat squash now..." meaning that he had had enough of fighting and intended to [---] farmer—"to Eat squash" became a saying in the Regiment for years afterwards—& was said of ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p021.jpg) [column 1] real enjoyment in a week hair one get than in a year- I see by the papers that General Claus returned on the 20th of August he had plenty of [---] in these old days- & got on that expedition - (he belonged to the 1st Infty not in the expedition) by [---] command of miles s couts well I have just gotten a letter from on of our old scouts of these days Tim La Forge he is up near Fort Custer & [column 2] a man who did not go out with the Regiment in our expedition" he is eating squash" - Isuppose you already know what "leading the pelican" meant Ithink it probable that if you were to meet the 7th Cav man only one a live old Times a [--] show what these expressions mean. I don't know why the fugitives did not go on with Whitebirds several of them were wounded he is up near Fort Custer [In left Margin] has been mining a long time in Alaska - I would quit much to be able to go & see him Maus S.L. Deau ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p022.jpg) [Column 1] and they were hampered with women & children—may have been the reasons—and all were starving & one of am- munition—the surrender was negotiated this Nez Percé John <& Tippit>—I have often wondered what became[-] of Tippit—we were great friends—on that trip— we rode together all day & he made a great effort to teach me Chinook—which I remember yet as far as we got—& one day he broke out singing "Where oh where are the Hebrew children" in Chinook he [Column 2] had learned as a boy in some mission school—"Ike nike Cl[-]tawa saya"— c[---]x Chinook wawa? John was a man of much more consequence in the tribe spoke pretty good English and was of a rather saturnine disposition—I think he was one of Josephs right hand men—I wish we were all back in these times [-] conditions now—I would trade off the Brigadeer general for the 2nd Lieutenan[--] before you could turn around—that was a mans life—something doing every day were ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p023.jpg) Marganton, N.C. Sept. 3, 1913. Mr. W. M. Camp, 77 40 Union Ave, Chicago, Ill. Dear Sir: I have received your letter dated August 26th and I will say in regard to the troops of the Seventh Cavalry and being present on Chadron's Creek, Neb. in Oct. 1878 - that I do not remember the troops of Seventh Cavalry that were present on that date. There were six troops of the Seventh Cavalry there on Chadron Creek. C. G. and L Troops I know were there, but I just do not remember the other three. There were eight troops together at Bear Butte, and two troops were left at Fort Meade as they were just starting to build that post at that time and E troop was one of the troops left at the post. Now we were in camp at Fort Sherdon about forty miles from Chadron when we got orders to go up there and assist the Third Cavalry in arresting the Cheyenne Indians, and as for the officers in command of each troop, I do not remember them now very well. Capt. Jackson was in command of C troop, my Company. Lieutenant Wallace in command of G troop. I just cannot tell you any further in regard to the Company Commanders. I will say if you have never corresponded with McHenry Allen at Morristown, Tenn. he belonged to my Company and has a brother who also lives at Morristown that belonged to K troop and was in the NesPercie fight in 1877, and got wounded in the arm and I think lost his arm, who might be able to tell you something in regard to the battle. I am very glad to hear from you at any time and would be ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p024.jpg) more than glad to hear how you are getting along with the history. The people through this country are all the time asking me how long it will be before you get the history published. With best wishes to you and your family, Very truly yours, D. A. Knipe DAK—LLP. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p025.jpg) 7740 Union Ave., Chicago, Ill., Sept. 9, 1913. Gen. Hugh L. Scott, Ft. Bliss, Tex. Dear Sir:-- I have received your letter of 2nd inst. and thank you for the large amount of interesting detail that you have given me of the capture of the Nez Perce fugitives after the surrender at Bear's Paw, and other matters. I am particularly interested in what you say of Nez Perce John and Tippit, whom you say were with Maus, and "both captured in the fight"; also, that Nez Perce John and Tippit negotiated the surrender. There is an old Nez Perce living on the reservation in Idaho named Tom Hill. He says that he was the first to approach Miles' camp with for a proposal of surrender. Says he did this after water had run exxx entirely out and every one was very thirsty. Says that on the way over he was met by Lieut. Jerome, who called Gen. Miles, and Miles requested that Joseph\come over, which Joseph did. Joseph then went into Miles' camp and\remained a long time, and when he (Joseph) returned he complain ed that Miles had detained him longer than he wanted to stay. This en- raged White Bull and some others, and there was a disposition to change their minds and not surrender. While they were debating the matter, with a good deal of heat, Gen. Howard came up, and with him were "Capt. John and George Baby", whom Howard sent over with a flag of truce. Hill says that Capt. John and Baby had more influence inward persuading the Nez Perces to surrender than the report that Joseph brought after having visited Miles camp. Query.-- Could this Capt. John have been identical with "Nez Perce John" to whom you refer? And who was Tippit? Was he a Nez Perce or a White man? Notice that Hill says Capt. John and Baby came in with How- ard, while you have the information that Nez Perce John and Tippit were "captured in the fight". If the differences can not be reconciled ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p026.jpg) reconciled, I will pursue the matter further the next time that I go among the Nez Perces. Another matter: The Nez perces say that Lieut. Jerome was not a voluntary prisoner or hostage for the safety of Joseph while in Miles' camp. They say that after Joseph had gone over to Miles' camp Jerome rode over to the Nez Perce fortifications and was looking around, when one of the Nez Perces caught hold of his bridle reins, and xxxxx they held him a prisoner by compulsion--that is, Jerome was not there by agreement, as we have often heard the story from the white man's side. Did you ever talk with Jerome about this? or do you know what the facts were in regard to his being in the Nez Perce camp while Joseph was parleying with Miles? For some reason the Nez Perces seem to have a fond recollection of Lieut. Jerome. They all wanted to know if he was still living and what he was doing. I have not, as yet, been able to learn whether he is liv- ing. I find that he resigned from the army in 1879 and enlisted again as a private in the 8th Cavalry a few years later. Can you tell me whether he is living or dead? It is a great delight to talk with these old Nez Perce warriors. If what they tell me is correct (and it all seems plausible) their war of campaign, or frequent change of plan, is, or yet far from being understood by the historical authorities. In my talk with Yellow Bull, and before I had a chance to ask him, he came to the incident of the Nez Perce scouts meeting on getting sight of the company of Crow scouts with soldiers on the Yellowstone, and how this operated to change their plans. I led him out on this all I could, and I think there was more to that incident than you are probably aware. The next time you happen to be passing through Chicago I hope you will give me a chance to discuss a number of these things with you; or, after you get this Mexican situation off your hands, I will take it up with you by correspondence, Yours truly ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p027.jpg) 7740 Union Ave., Chicago, Ill., Sept. 12, 1913. Capt. John Ryan, Box 85, west Newton, Mass. Dear Sir:-- I have received your letter of Sept. 5 and am glad to hear from you. You ask if I ever published that book of 7th Cavalry history. I regret to have to say that I have not, as yet, found time to get at the writing of that history as I would like to do, and, consequently, nothing has been published by me. I have not, however, dropped the sub- ject, and xxxxxx[---] as ever intend to bring it out some day. Since I saw you I have been gathering material on Crook's campaigns, as well as those of the 7th Cavalry, so that the ground laid out by me is somewhat more extensive than formerly. I have gathered a good deal of information on all of the Indian campaigns of the 7th Cavalry, and have worked at the Nez Perce cam- paigns a good deal. The only drawback with me is lack of time. I am keeping up my investigations, whenever I find a new source of informa- tion, and hope, before many years, if God lets me live, to do justice to the subject. With kind regards to you and your family, and thanking you for your continued interest in my work, I remain Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p028.jpg) [Column 1] FROM A. C. LEIGHTON, LEIGHTON OFFICE BLDG. SOUTH MARKET STREET. W M Camp Ottumwa, Iowa, Sep 22, 1913 Chicago Ill. Dear Sir Your letter at hand. I will gladly finish particular of Indian fight at Hay Camp near Fort C. F. Smith Aug 1 - 1867. And have written to W. F. Burnett and D. A. [---] who participated in the fight, for full particular - the Hay Camp was mine. but I was at the Fort 2 1/4 miles away when the fight resumed. Will do all possible to aid you in getting up your book I was in that county constantly during the year 1865-6-7-&8. General H. B. Freeman LaGouta ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p029.jpg) Wyoming - Genl. Andrew S. Burt Wash- ington D. C. Col James VanVoost Lieutenate Ohio, all retired Army officers could give you valuable data for your history. Of course the Phil Kearney Massacre Dec 21-66, Custer from 25-76. are matters of history which you can obtain ea- sily. Wishing you sucess in your undertaking--I am yours very tuly, A.C. Leighton ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p030.jpg) [Column 1] [---]—as to their coming up with the scouts—I only s[---] I saw him with Maus & supposed they had been captured—took it for granted suppose— and your informants are probably right— about the trail down the Yellowstone Towers Lu[-]my slin - I have always felt that I turned back the Nez Percé advance near the mouth of Gardners River so enabled Miles to capture them in the end—I had charge of the [Column 2] [---] Bliss Texas. Sept 22 1913 My dear Mr Camp I enjoyed your letter received some time ago and forgot whether I ans'd it before going to Yuma Arizona or not—if you ever think of going to Yuma put it off—after the hot weather was all over here I found it 112° there— [---] Capt John & Tippit I am not going to contradict ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p031.jpg) wagon train that took Joseph etc from Buford to Bismark rode with him every day for 225 miles -- he said he had intended going down this when Livingston is now a straight shot for the British Live - not my rapid advance with 10 men as mammoth hot springs & chooses of his advances guard a rather scouts who had stolen 19 horses from Heude[-]sims Ranch (now a[---]bar) made him stri[---] & had a stung face behind me and he turned off at the Mud geysers cursed the yellowstone there below the Lane - went up Pelican Creek & East Fork then down Clarks Fort: crossing the Yellowstone about 100 miles mearer Gun miles as Fort Keogh - as it was he was within one day of the line when Miles caught him on Snake Creek and had the 7 cav messenger had 100 miles more to take miles the news he w[-]ned have gotten across the l[-]ie miles would never have caught him -- Things are getting more quiet on this part of the border -- I have just caught a mexican murderer & robber Braulio Hernandez & hope Mexico will extridite him -- he held up two americans a month ago south of the lake & made them pay $5000.00 ransom - beside many other names in Mexico sincerely yours, s. Locott ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p032.jpg) [Envelope with a Jefforson One Cent U.S. Postal Card stamp. "Cheyenne Sep 26 3 PM 1913 WYO"] [Printed in a box] THIS SIDE OF CARD IS FOR ADDRESS W.M.Camp, 7740 union Ava Chicago, Ill. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p033.jpg) Dept. 26th 8210 East 17th Cheyenne Wy. My service was on Iowa Indian frontier and Indian expedition with Gen Sulley in 1865 through Dakota on East Side of Missouri River from Sioux City South to Devils Lake Dak. and N.W. near British time then S. W. to Ft. Berthold then above to Ft. Regindal where I was in Jan 66, when my term of service experied Sol. C L. M. and I of 7th Cavelry were near on the Platte River and never saw the rest of my regimient Eber Palmer Cook 7th Iowa Cav ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p034.jpg) DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR UNITED STATES GEOLOGICAL SURVEY WASHINGTON TOPOGRAPHIC BRANCH October 6, 1913. Mr. W. M. Camp, 7740 Union Avenue, Chicago, Illinois. Dear Mr. Camp: In reply to your postal of October 3: I am authorized by the Director to inform you that the level line from which the bench mark in sec. 26, T. 53 N., R. 83 W., in the Sheri- dan quadrangle, Wyoming, was located, was first based on an assumed rail- road datum, later the level net was connected with other lines based on mean sea level. The first field determination gave the approximate eleva- tion above the assumed railroad datum as 4662, the number appearing on the tablet at the present time. Through connection with the lines on mean sea level, the elevation was raised so that it was approximately 4674 feet above that datum plane. At the time the Sheridan quadrangle was mapped the approximate elevation 4674 was used, therefore that number was placed on the published map. Since the publication of the Sheridan map a still further adjust- ment was made and the figures for the bench mark in question were again changed, the accepted elevation being 4,671.627 feet above mean sea level: this elevation being in agreement with the 1912 adjustment of the precise level net by the Coast and Geodetic Survey. MR Yours very truly, RWMarshall Chief Geographer. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p035.jpg) FROM A. C. Leighton Leighton Office Bldg. South Market Street. Mr W M Camp 7740 Union Ave. Ottumwa, Iowa, Oct 11 - 1913 Dear Sir, Your letter of Oct. 9 - at hand of Rockfort Ms D. A. Colalvin President of the Citizens Bank of Atehison County Ms is the Albert Calvin mentioned to you Ms. W F Bussett of Landon or Wind now, Wyoming. If you could interview D. A. Calvin personally, I believe he would open up and tell you the facts, why the commanding Officer Genl. L. P. Waddley, did not try to send relief to the Hay Field party on Aug 1 - 1867. Billy Horn was a partner of D. A. Calvin, and together owned ten form mule teams which I employed putting u p [-]hay for the quarterment at Forst C. F. Smith, Mr. Calvin can furnish you Billy Horns address, if he is still alive. The men are modest men and not boasters and will be hard to handle. but I finish by Calvin you can get good timver for your book, about Hay field fight, if you will visit D A Calvin. If you will send the copy of your interview with Burnett & Calvin, I may be able to add something which they have both left out, which will be to their credit, and help the book Yours Very Truly A C Leighton ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p036.jpg) 7740 Union Ave., Chicago, Ill., Oct. 28, 1913. Gen. Jesse M. Lee, Greencastle, Ind. Dear Sir:— I have received your letter of 24th inst., in which you re- quest me to make a revision of your paper on the killing of Crazy Horse, by substituting the word "unfortunately" for the word "necessity", in the last sentence. I am pleased to do this, and below I quote your last sentence re- ferred to, in the original, with the desired revision made with the pen, just as I have done it on the copy of the paper that I have. As you say you have not a copy of the paper at hand, I will be glad to arrange the wording in any other way should the present revision not just meet your idea. I think I understand your feeling in the matter, and "unfor- tunately" seems to me to be a good word as a substitute for "necessity". During September I spent my summer vacation of three weeks in south- ern Montana, part of the time on the trail of Gen. Miles' campaigns. I am getting a "heap" of what I consider good historical data that has not as yet been published in as much detail as to meet my view of such work. With kindest regards, I remain Yours truly, Quotation from the Paper on Crazy Horse:—"He sleeps in an obscure and lonely Indian grave on the cliffs of Wounded Knee creek, where it may be that his hovering spirit, in the closing days of 1890 (the practical extermination of Big Foot's following) caught once more the white man's guns that sent to bloody graves in indiscriminate slaughter—of absolute necessity, be it said—a kindred band, imbued with the same fanaticism and contempt of death which had characterized his stormy life and marked his untimely end." unfortunately P.S.—I copied the paper verbatim. May I ask if, at the end of the fourth line of this sentence, it was not intended to say: :caught once more the sound of the White man's guns, etc. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p037.jpg) Memorandum. Greencastle, Ind. Oct 31" 1913. Please substitute this for the last paragraph on my paper on Crazy Horse. "He sleeps in an obscure and lonely Indian grave on the cliffs of Wound- ed Knee Creek, where it may be that his hovering spirit, in the closing days of 1890, (the practical extermination of Big Foot's following) caught once more the sound of the White man's guns that sent to bloody graves in indis- criminate slaughter, men, women and children, - most unfortunatley, be it said, - of a kindred band, imbued with the same fanaticism and contempt of death which had characterized his stormy life and marked his untimely end." Sincerely yours, Jesse M. Gee. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p038.jpg) Greencastle Indiana Oct. 31 1913. My dear Mr Camp: I thank you most cordially for your good letter of 28 [---] Yes, I inadvertently—or the type writer—omitted the words "sound of the".—You will see in my substitution I have added ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p039.jpg) the words after "slaughter" "men, women and children"— which was a cruel fact—and I have prefixed the word "most" to "unfortunately"— I send you a local paper about my recent visit to Pine Ridge Indian agency, With best wishes and regards Truly Yours Jesse M Yee ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p040.jpg) Note Revision in last sentence by request of Gen. Lee. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p041.jpg) Greencastle, Indiana Oct 24" 1913. My dear Mr Camp: I have been at Pine Ridge Agency, So Dakota from 9th to 21th with with Gen'l. Miles, Baldwin, Maus. King (the author) and Buffalo Bull - The morning moving picture artisits were there to reproduce the scenes of the Lark Indians won - in 1890-91 ~ Gen'l Miles and I did ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p042.jpg) not go to Wounded Knee—where "Big Foots" band were almost exterminated—including scores of women & children.—This was really a great misfortune.— I don't have with me my Crazy Horse essay or paper, which you returned to me some months ago.—In the last sentence ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p043.jpg) (2) L of any paper. I used some kind of a word—"necessarily" or "justifi- ably" when our troops killed nearly all of Big Foots band at Wounded Knee—(Dec 29, 1890)—I should have used the word "unfortunately" or "misfortune".—If you print my Crazy Horse essay please strike out the word "necessarily" ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p044.jpg) or "justifiably" and substitute the word "unfortunately" or other word of this meaning"— Hoping you are well & prosperous.—We are visiting here for a few weeks and will return to Ft Thomas Ky— With best regards Truly Yours Gen Jesse M Lee ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p045.jpg) Oct. 31, 1913. Mr. F. G. Burnett, Wind River, Wyo. Dear Sir:-- I presume you have wondered why I have been so long in send- ing you the picture of Jim Bridger that I promised you about six weeks ago. I did not get away from the Crow country until about the first of October, and since I have returned I have been attending railroad con- ventions about three weeks, which has left me but little time for other things. I got the copy printed, however, and mailed it to you to-day, and I trust that you will recieve it in good condition. While in the Crow country I drove over to the site of old Ft. C. F. Smith, and took a look around there. The adobe walls of parts of some of the buildings of the fort are still standing. I had particularly in mind the Mayfield fight, and found War Man's creek, about 2 1/4 or 2 1/2 miles below the fort. I am not sure that I was able to form an idea as to the approximate location of the fight, and I want to ask you a question in that connection. Which side of the creek was the connal on? Was it on the side [---] toward the fort or the side farthest from the fort? Neither was I sure that I could find the point of land that you told me about in connection with the sending of the messenger to the fort, in the evening. I think you told me that this point of land lay between the corral and the fort. Having in mind that the so-called point must be a hill, I looked for it, but did not find any. There are three general levels in the valley: There is a low bot- tom, a little above the river; then a wider bottom that would seem to be well above floods from the river; and, thirdly, the still wider and more extensive high bench on the level of which the fort was situated. Now, which one of these three levels was the corral located -- the lowest one, the intermediate one, or the high bench that is level with the site of the fort? I understand, of course, that the corral was right on the creek; and since I have come from there it has occurred to me that perhaps the "point of land" that yo referred to might have been a projection of ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p046.jpg) the bench or upper level toward the river. Am I correct about this? If you can set me straight about the matter I can perhaps get nearer to the exact location of the battlefield the next time that I go there. Yours truly, P. S. In accordance with your suggestion I wrote to Mr. Leighton, at Attumi[--], and have had a letter from him. ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p047.jpg) FINN BURNETT Wind River Wyoming 11/11 1913 Mr. W. M. Camp. Dear Sir Please Except my Thanks for the Pictures Bridgers Picture is a wonderfull likeness of him as I Knew him. The old Ft is only recognisable by the mountains and the mouth of the Cannon. I have made a rough draft of the Location as I remember it and enclose it with this. I hope that you will be able to locate the Carral from this loose Draft The Carral was on the North Side of the creek and I should judge Six or Eight Hundred yards below where the Creek Flowes then the Bench and out on to the that we were hid from the Past by the Brow of the Bench. I have had General letters from A.C. Leighton Since San wrote him, he informed me that D. A. Calvin is alive and Resides in Rockfort Missouri he took Command of us after the Lt Was Killed and there him ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p048.jpg) we won out. if it is not possible for you to finde the location of the Corral by the drawn Sketch enclosed Please let me know and I will try to make a better one. and any thing that I can do to help you in any way I will be Pleased to do for you. Thanking you again for the Pictures. Youres Truely F.G. Burnett ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p049.jpg) [map drawn in pencil with the following labels] old Base[---] Road West Ft. CF. Smith WARMANS. CREEK Bench Land Bench Land on which the Past was built DRYWASH Soldier Fell off of His Horse in C[--]ing this Dry Wash BiG HorN RiVER. Low Bottom Intermediate Bench Land Indians in Present Soldiers Rout to the Fort. We caled it Three miles From the Corral to the Ft [---] this road H[--] Field Corral The Creek Flowed out once the Bottom Here and Farmed the Meadow where we were Cutting H[--] ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p050.jpg) 7740 Union Ave., Chicago, Ill., Nov. 19, 1913. Mr. F. G. Burnett, Wind River, Wyo. Dear Sir:-- I wish to thank you for your letter of 11th inst. and the enclosed sketch of the Hayfield fight. I will visit the site of Ft. C. F. Smith, again, some time, and try to locate the site of the battle at the corral. Your sketch will aid me in this, as I notice that you place the corral near to the bench of land on which the fort was situat- ed. The course of War Man's creek has been changed, where it crosses the bottom, having been intercepted by an irrigation ditch that runs along the foot of the said "bench of land". I notice that you place the corral on the side of the creek near- est to the fort. Let me ask you how high the corral was above the creek. Was it as much as 10 feet? Where the creek has cut through the bench of land it is probably 60 or 80 feet below the level of the bench, but where it crosses the bottom of the gulch is not so deep. About how deep would you so the bed of the creek was below to the corral? You gave me the address of Mr. Leighton and I wrote him to see if he could tell me anything about Gen. Bradley's reasons for not sending relief to the Hayfield party during the long day's fight. He thinks Colvin can tell me all about that. I think that is a matter that his- tory has a right to know about, and I am going to try to see Mr. Colvin if I should happen to be going his way. Do you remember what the distance was from Ft. Phil Kearney to Ft. C. F. Smith by way of the old Bozeman trail? Thanking you for information on these further points, I remain Yours truly, ----- new page (MSS57_S2_F22_B1a_F23_p051.jpg) Eastman, S. Dak. 12/13/1913. Mr. W. M. Camp, Chicago, Ill. Dear Sir:-- Your requests letter was received, and I will try and give you in full informations in your required. 1st. Full name of my Father was. - Vital Boyer, 2d. He is full blood of Frenchman of Canada, 3d. My mother was A full blood of Sioux, and belonged to the tribe of the Sioux nation, My father was up to on Platte river on the year 1862-3 at Fort- Laramie Dakota Territory, now is Wyoming. He was killed by the Indian war parties in the year 1863. Now this is all that you asked me for the informetions in regard to my Old folks, Now Mr. Camp, last time I wroted to you, and in which I maded requesting to you that if you can send me a badger of Veteran's. Hoping you found in full questin for your sake. Your respectfully. Antoine Boyer.